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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor="#F2F2F2" lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Hello Colleagues:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>     I thought the following would be of interest.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Robert<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> Fred's Head from APH [mailto:fredshead=aph.org@mail2.atl91.mcsv.net] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Fred's Head from APH<br><b>Sent:</b> Friday, May 26, 2017 7:03 AM<br><b>To:</b> =?utf-8?Q??=<br><b>Subject:</b> Posts from Fred's Head from APH for 05/26/2017<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;background:#F2F2F2;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td width="100%" valign=top style='width:100.0%;padding:15.0pt 15.0pt 15.0pt 15.0pt'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;background:white;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width=366 style='width:274.5pt;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 0in 6.75pt 13.5pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>The latest blog posts from Fred's Head from APH, a Blindness Blog. <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=right width=197 style='width:147.75pt;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 13.5pt 6.75pt 0in'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><a href="http://us8.campaign-archive2.com/?e=60d5a56a21&u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=03da070f67" target="_blank"><span style='color:#606060'>View this email in your browser</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;background:white;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;min-width: 100%' id=templateHeader><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 6.75pt 0in 6.75pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked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</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=144 src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765/images/9c5bcc9c-b7ea-4148-b696-9bcd691a2dd7.jpg" align=left alt="Fred's Head logo" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026"><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;background:white;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;min-width: 100%' id=templateBody><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left style='border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>Updates from <a href="http://www.fredshead.info/">http://www.fredshead.info/</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p><h1>Fred’s Head from APH, a Blindness Blog<o:p></o:p></h1><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><br><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>In the 05/26/2017 edition:</span></strong><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></p><ul type=disc><li class=MsoNormal style='color:#606060;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:150%;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><a href="#mctoc1"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Throwback Thursday Object: Braille Tiles--A 19th Century Braille Teaching Tool</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li></ul></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left style='border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><h2><a name=mctoc1></a><a href="http://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=74dead66a0&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;font-weight:normal'>Throwback Thursday Object: Braille Tiles--A 19th Century Braille Teaching Tool</span></a><o:p></o:p></h2><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><em><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>By Paul Ferrara on May 25, 2017 12:17 pm</span></em><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><a href="http://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=60c394ad67&e=60d5a56a21"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=320 height=209 id="_x0000_i1025" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-c9r0X40LaYY/WScDlMBrt0I/AAAAAAAAAV0/IyozDHeMgzc849vfdFV8r3b3ulZMoDWAgCLcB/s320/Braille%2Btiles.jpg"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><br></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#606060'>Our object this week is a new find, something I found in France with the help of our good friend, Mireille Duhen, a volunteer at the <a href="http://aph.us8.list-manage1.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=052a4ed8fa&e=60d5a56a21"><span style='color:#0563C1'>Association Valentin Haüy</span></a>.  It is a beautiful set of nineteenth century braille tiles, a braille teaching tool.  The tin box holds six rows of red wooden tiles, with the braille symbols picked out in nickel-plated brass pins, and the print symbol stamped below.  Each tile is about the size of a domino.  The tiles are arranged in sets of ten, just as Louis Braille intended his code to be taught.  Braille originally published his system in 1829, but this set of teaching tiles reflects French braille as published in his second edition in 1837.  The use of nickel plating technology on the pins suggests a date in the second half of the nineteenth century when that process became practical for ordinary hardware.  The code is somewhat different from modern French braille, switching the symbols for parentheses and quotes, among other things. Photo Caption: <o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#606060'>Flat tin box holding six rows of red wood braille tiles.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><strong><span style='font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#606060'>Micheal A. Hudson</span></strong><span style='font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#606060'><br>Museum Director<br>American Printing House for the Blind</span><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><a href="http://aph.us8.list-manage2.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=7cf5f76fa3&e=60d5a56a21"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1026" src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/fredsheadcompanion?d=yIl2AUoC8zA"></span></a><a href="http://aph.us8.list-manage2.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=ad8a75e84e&e=60d5a56a21"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1027" src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/fredsheadcompanion?d=qj6IDK7rITs"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><br><a href="http://aph.us8.list-manage1.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=3a9c7aa362&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Read in browser »</span></a><br><a href="http://aph.us8.list-manage1.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=1bba013614&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=55 height=20 id="_x0000_i1028" src="http://cdn-images.mailchimp.com/social_connect_tweet.png" alt="share on Twitter"></span></a><a href="http://aph.us8.list-manage1.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=8a15cd0e5b&e=60d5a56a21" title="Like Throwback Thursday Object: Braille Tiles--A 19th Century Braille Teaching Tool on Facebook" id=fblike-72b92209><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=48 height=20 id="_x0000_i1029" src="http://cdn-images.mailchimp.com/fb/like.gif" alt="Like Throwback Thursday Object: Braille Tiles--A 19th Century Braille Teaching Tool on Facebook"></span></a><br><br><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></p><h3>Recent Articles:<o:p></o:p></h3><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><a href="http://aph.us8.list-manage2.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=294019ad28&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Quick Tip: Bright Shapes Knob Puzzle. The Bright Shapes Knob Puzzle is a fun kit whose components were designed for the early childhood population, focusing on those children with fine motor delays.</span></a><br><a href="http://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=c9503679ba&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>3 Reasons for Using a Fake Name for Your Service Animal in Public and 5 Tips for Choosing the Best One for You</span></a><br><a href="http://aph.us8.list-manage2.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=618e979c62&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Throwback Thursday Object: Voyager XL CCD Video Magnifier</span></a><br><a href="http://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=dffa77d505&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Quick Tip: Number Line Device. The APH Number Line Device is a math aid that helps students who are blind and visually impaired comprehend abstract numerical concepts.</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;background:white;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;min-width: 10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