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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor="#F2F2F2" lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple style='-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> Fred's Head from APH [mailto:fredshead=aph.org@mail143.atl221.rsgsv.net] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Fred's Head from APH<br><b>Sent:</b> Friday, May 11, 2018 7:27 AM<br><b>To:</b> =?utf-8?Q??=<br><b>Subject:</b> Posts from Fred's Head from APH for 05/11/2018<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;background:#F2F2F2;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td width="100%" valign=top style='width:100.0%;padding:15.0pt 15.0pt 15.0pt 15.0pt'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;background:white;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width=366 style='width:274.5pt;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 0in 6.75pt 13.5pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>The latest blog posts from Fred's Head from APH, a Blindness Blog. <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=right width=197 style='width:147.75pt;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 13.5pt 6.75pt 0in'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><a href="https://us8.campaign-archive.com/?e=60d5a56a21&u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=dc12785076" target="_blank"><span style='color:#606060'>View this email in your browser</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;background:white;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;min-width: 100%' id=templateHeader><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 6.75pt 0in 6.75pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f">
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</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=144 src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765/images/9c5bcc9c-b7ea-4148-b696-9bcd691a2dd7.jpg" align=left alt="Fred's Head logo" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026"><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;background:white;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;min-width: 100%' id=templateBody><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left style='border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>Updates from http://www.fredshead.info/ <o:p></o:p></span></p><h1>Fred’s Head from APH, a Blindness Blog<o:p></o:p></h1><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><br><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>In the 05/11/2018 edition:</span></strong><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></p><ul type=disc><li class=MsoNormal style='color:#606060;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:150%;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><a href="#mctoc1"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Throw Back Thursday: Relief Puzzle Map</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li></ul></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left style='border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><h2><a name=mctoc1></a><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=c9590ec69e&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;font-weight:normal'>Throw Back Thursday: Relief Puzzle Map</span></a><o:p></o:p></h2><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><em><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>By APH Blogger on May 10, 2018 11:51 am</span></em><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='color:#606060'><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=ecbeb42417&e=60d5a56a21"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=293 height=320 id="_x0000_i1025" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-jMPYR3SFoDA/WvRNfiuMVYI/AAAAAAAAABs/wgcsRIc5kQUbOfpYiZLepvlzxB80vH_iwCLcBGAs/s320/1992268.jpg"></span></a></span><span style='color:black'>When my son was little, he loved running his hands over our relief puzzle maps in the museum. If you went to a residential school for the blind in the United States in the mid-twentieth century, you will remember the large puzzle maps from APH, like this one of <a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=64f5b95b08&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Asia</span></a>. They are large, 41 x 43”, and sit on their own wooden easel. Each country is a piece to the puzzle, sits in a cutout in the base, is painted a contrasting color, and has its mountains and rivers picked out in exaggerated relief. (If you were large enough to run your hands over the actual earth, it wouldn’t feel that bumpy—true story!) Cities are indicated by metal pins.</span><span style='color:#606060'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='color:#606060'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='color:black'>APH Superintendent Benjamin Huntoon began making wooden relief maps in the basement of the <a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=962345fcc2&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Kentucky School for the Blind</span></a> in the 1870s. By 1921, large hand-carved wooden maps were available with a shellac finish. APH experimented with molded maps as early as the 1930s. This style map appeared in the 1950s and 60s. They were molded from epoxy in an involved process. I guess they fell out of favor when countries started changing borders faster than APH could change the very expensive molds. Think about it, you spend three months carving out a wood casting pattern of Europe, the wall comes down in Germany, and east and west reunite. You spend a month fixing that, and Czechoslovakia breaks up into two countries. What is a wood carver to do? </span><span style='color:#606060'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='color:#606060'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='color:black'>Caption: Colorful puzzle map of Asia</span><span style='color:#606060'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><h2 style='caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);text-size-adjust: auto'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></h2><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=5594952d22&e=60d5a56a21"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1026" src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/fredsheadcompanion?d=yIl2AUoC8zA"></span></a><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=693bdb5347&e=60d5a56a21"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1027" src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/fredsheadcompanion?d=qj6IDK7rITs"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><br><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=2c4f75e34a&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Read in browser »</span></a><br><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=4d701cf16f&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=55 height=20 id="_x0000_i1028" src="http://cdn-images.mailchimp.com/social_connect_tweet.png" alt="share on Twitter"></span></a><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=4badb16361&e=60d5a56a21" title="Like Throw Back Thursday: Relief Puzzle Map on Facebook" id=fblike-66f33de5><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=48 height=20 id="_x0000_i1029" src="http://cdn-images.mailchimp.com/fb/like.gif" alt="Like Throw Back Thursday: Relief Puzzle Map on Facebook"></span></a><br><br><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></p><h3>Recent Articles:<o:p></o:p></h3><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=56f61b36e8&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Quick Tip: The Keitzer Check-Writing Guide</span></a><br><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=c41b07ceb4&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Throw Back Thursday: The Portable Plus</span></a><br><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=1f8138e6e5&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Quick Tip - Color Star</span></a><br><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=f1f89d4f4b&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>International Guide Dogs Day</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;background:white;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;min-width: 100%' id=templateFooter><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 6.75pt 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width=600 style='width:6.25in;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:125%'><em><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>Copyright © 2018 The American Printing House for the Blind, All rights reserved.</span></em><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'> <br>You are receiving this email because you subscribed to posts via email at http://www.fredshead.info/. <br><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>Our mailing address is:</span></strong> <o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:125%'><span class=org><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>The American Printing House for the Blind</span></span><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><o:p></o:p></span></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>1839 Frankfort Avenue<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:125%'><span class=locality><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>Louisville</span></span><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>, <span class=region>KY</span> <span class=postal-code>40206</span><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><br><a href="//aph.us8.list-manage.com/vcard?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=53addca4a0"><span style='color:#606060'>Add us to your address book</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><br><br><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/unsubscribe?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=53addca4a0&e=60d5a56a21&c=dc12785076"><span style='color:#606060'>unsubscribe from this list</span></a> <a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/profile?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=53addca4a0&e=60d5a56a21"><span style='color:#606060'>update subscription preferences</span></a> <br><br><a href="http://www.mailchimp.com/monkey-rewards/?utm_source=freemium_newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=monkey_rewards&aid=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&afl=1"><span style='color:#606060;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=139 height=54 id="_x0000_i1030" src="https://cdn-images.mailchimp.com/monkey_rewards/MC_MonkeyReward_15.png" alt="Email Marketing Powered by MailChimp"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/msv5/images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="Web Bug from https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/open.php?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=dc12785076&e=60d5a56a21" /><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></body></html>