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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor="#F2F2F2" lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple style='-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Hello Colleagues:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'> I thought the following would be of interest.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Robert<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> Fred's Head from APH [mailto:fredshead=aph.org@mail208.atl81.rsgsv.net] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Fred's Head from APH<br><b>Sent:</b> Friday, June 22, 2018 7:04 AM<br><b>To:</b> =?utf-8?Q??=<br><b>Subject:</b> Posts from Fred's Head from APH for 06/21/2018<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;background:#F2F2F2;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td width="100%" valign=top style='width:100.0%;padding:15.0pt 15.0pt 15.0pt 15.0pt'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;background:white;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width=366 style='width:274.5pt;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 0in 6.75pt 13.5pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>The latest blog posts from Fred's Head from APH, a Blindness Blog. <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=right width=197 style='width:147.75pt;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 13.5pt 6.75pt 0in'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><a href="https://us8.campaign-archive.com/?e=60d5a56a21&u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=c8e5832615" target="_blank"><span style='color:#606060'>View this email in your browser</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;background:white;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;min-width: 100%' id=templateHeader><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 6.75pt 0in 6.75pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f">
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</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=144 src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765/images/9c5bcc9c-b7ea-4148-b696-9bcd691a2dd7.jpg" align=left alt="Fred's Head logo" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026"><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;background:white;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;min-width: 100%' id=templateBody><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left style='border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>Updates from http://www.fredshead.info/ <o:p></o:p></span></p><h1>Fred’s Head from APH, a Blindness Blog<o:p></o:p></h1><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><br><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>In the 06/21/2018 edition:</span></strong><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></p><ul type=disc><li class=MsoNormal style='color:#606060;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:150%;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><a href="#mctoc1"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Throwback Thursday: McElroy Point Writer</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li></ul></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left style='border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><h2><a name=mctoc1></a><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=affcd64cb5&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;font-weight:normal'>Throwback Thursday: McElroy Point Writer</span></a><o:p></o:p></h2><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><em><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>By APH Blogger on Jun 21, 2018 11:17 am</span></em><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Our object this week is the McElroy Point Writer. James F. McElroy, the superintendent of the Michigan School for the Blind (1880-1887), patented his writing machine for people who were blind in 1888. APH purchased the rights to this machine for $300 in 1887 and had 47 of them manufactured in 1888 by a Louisville hardware company, Tafel Brothers. The writer was listed in the APH catalog from 1889-1893. This machine is number nineteen. The Point Writer was not a braillewriter. Braille was not widely used at that point in the U.S. It wrote in New York Point, the dot code invented by William B. Wait in New York in 1868. Wait would invent his own point writing machine in 1894, but neither writer prevented the eventual triumph of the Braille System.</span><span style='color:#606060'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=7c663c287d&e=60d5a56a21"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=320 height=219 id="_x0000_i1025" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-WzSfyuRBBTY/WyvBhBFmL-I/AAAAAAAAAC4/hx7QljUwAVgDq9GtmmqW05E2JiO2gKN1gCLcBGAs/s320/McElroy.jpg"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='color:#606060'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>(Caption: Mounted on a wooden board, the McElroy had four keys on top of a carriage that moved above a shiny nickel plated toothed bar over a brass embossing plate. Paper guides are mounted on the left.)</span><span style='color:#606060'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=8ff79f985a&e=60d5a56a21"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1026" src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/fredsheadcompanion?d=yIl2AUoC8zA"></span></a><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=5cffaf74fb&e=60d5a56a21"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1027" src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/fredsheadcompanion?d=qj6IDK7rITs"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><br><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=ac954a08aa&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Read in browser »</span></a><br><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=62b1a67377&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=55 height=20 id="_x0000_i1028" src="http://cdn-images.mailchimp.com/social_connect_tweet.png" alt="share on Twitter"></span></a><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=10b1eb0c41&e=60d5a56a21" title="Like Throwback Thursday: McElroy Point Writer on Facebook" id=fblike-dd96bc4d><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=48 height=20 id="_x0000_i1029" src="http://cdn-images.mailchimp.com/fb/like.gif" alt="Like Throwback Thursday: McElroy Point Writer on Facebook"></span></a><br><br><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></p><h3>Recent Articles:<o:p></o:p></h3><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=c248d818c6&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Quick Tip: The 2018 National Braille Challenge</span></a><br><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=7abcabf7a0&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>The Braille Challenge</span></a><br><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=968f86a807&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Throwback Thursday: List of Books in Embossed Type</span></a><br><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=b7fbb01454&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Quick Tip: Tactile Globe</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;background:white;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;min-width: 100%' id=templateFooter><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 6.75pt 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 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