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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor="#F2F2F2" lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple style='-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> Fred's Head from APH [mailto:fredshead@aph.org] <br><b>Sent:</b> Friday, March 01, 2019 7:02 AM<br><b>To:</b> =?utf-8?Q??=<br><b>Subject:</b> Posts from Fred's Head from APH for 03/01/2019<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;background:#F2F2F2;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td width="100%" valign=top style='width:100.0%;padding:15.0pt 15.0pt 15.0pt 15.0pt'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;background:white;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width=366 style='width:274.5pt;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 0in 6.75pt 13.5pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>The latest blog posts from Fred's Head from APH, a Blindness Blog. <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=right width=197 style='width:147.75pt;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 13.5pt 6.75pt 0in'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><a href="https://us8.campaign-archive.com/?e=60d5a56a21&u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=d5bbb33284" target="_blank"><span style='color:#606060'>View this email in your browser</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;background:white;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;min-width: 100%' id=templateHeader><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 6.75pt 0in 6.75pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f">
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</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=144 src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765/images/9c5bcc9c-b7ea-4148-b696-9bcd691a2dd7.jpg" align=left alt="Fred's Head logo" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026"><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;background:white;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;min-width: 100%' id=templateBody><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left style='border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>Updates from http://www.fredshead.info/ <o:p></o:p></span></p><h1>FRED'S HEAD FROM APH<o:p></o:p></h1><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><br><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>In the 03/01/2019 edition:</span></strong><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></p><ul type=disc><li class=MsoNormal style='color:#606060;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:150%;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><a href="#mctoc1"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>140 Years of Educational Access</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li></ul></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left style='border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><h2><a name=mctoc1></a><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=990435bed8&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;font-weight:normal'>140 Years of Educational Access</span></a><o:p></o:p></h2><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><em><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'>By APH Blogger on Feb 28, 2019 02:20 pm</span></em><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><o:p></o:p></span></p><div><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style='border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=2a57c0bdae&e=60d5a56a21"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=640 height=480 id="_x0000_i1025" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-wXOy4MeWtEE/XHgpUh4GGJI/AAAAAAAAAc8/293fkz_BSXQRFxYK0yuVZ63GntoGqUfUQCLcBGAs/s640/Screen%2BShot%2B2019-02-28%2Bat%2B1.31.58%2BPM.png"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr><tr><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Facade of APH building in 1883. Employees can be seen sitting in the windows and stand at the front door.</span><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr></table></div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#606060'><br>This week we celebrate the 140th anniversary of the signing of the Act to Promote the Education of the Blind by President Rutherford B. Hayes in 1879. In the 1870s, APH was a struggling company making excellent books that no one could afford to buy.  The Act was only the second piece of federal legislation addressing special education (the first created Gallaudet University). It created a fund of $10,000 from which students across the U.S. could draw to get accessible educational materials from the American Printing House. That stable funding gave the Printing House a foundation from which it could grow and innovate.  Back then it was just books, but today we provide a whole catalog of different products “for education and for life.”  The fund, we call the “Federal Quota”, was enlarged several times over the next 80 years, but by 1961, Congress realized it needed the flexibility to adjust the fund’s size without amending the Act on an annual basis. The solution was to move the appropriation to the President's Budget as part of the Department of Education. Every year about this time, APH performs a census of all pre-college age students in the U.S. who are blind or visually impaired. By FY2018, the Federal Quota Fund was authorized at $30.4 million and served 55,249 people nationwide.  Happy Birthday Federal Quota Program!</span><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=1eb4151ac1&e=60d5a56a21"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1026" src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/fredsheadcompanion?d=yIl2AUoC8zA"></span></a><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=341b19ad32&e=60d5a56a21"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1027" src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/fredsheadcompanion?d=qj6IDK7rITs"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><br><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=c33ada52e7&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Read in browser »</span></a><br><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=fef8c31239&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=55 height=20 id="_x0000_i1028" src="http://cdn-images.mailchimp.com/social_connect_tweet.png" alt="share on Twitter"></span></a><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=2cc035d20e&e=60d5a56a21" title="Like 140 Years of Educational Access on Facebook" id=fblike-d627c844><span style='color:#6DC6DD;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=48 height=20 id="_x0000_i1029" src="http://cdn-images.mailchimp.com/fb/like.gif" alt="Like 140 Years of Educational Access on Facebook"></span></a><br><br><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></p><h3>Recent Articles:<o:p></o:p></h3><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#606060'><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=df2857ce62&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>APH ConnectCenter Family of Websites Will Change Servers on Thursday, February 28th, 2019</span></a><br><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=6b7aa4a330&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>The Whole Is Greater</span></a><br><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=5481672213&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Charlottes Web Coming to APH: "I like acting more than anything!"</span></a><br><a href="https://aph.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765&id=6911d04ff3&e=60d5a56a21" target="_blank"><span style='color:#6DC6DD'>Accessibility Matters</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:6.25in;background:white;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;min-width: 100%' id=templateFooter><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 6.75pt 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left wid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