[nfb-talk] FYI Are Braille's days as the great equalizer over?

Sarah Baughn sarahb006 at comcast.net
Fri Dec 3 01:49:19 UTC 2010


I have tried to, but for some reason when I put in my password it never 
seems to work.
Sarah
----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Judy Jones" <jtj1 at cableone.net>
To: "NFB Talk Mailing List" <nfb-talk at nfbnet.org>
Sent: Thursday, December 02, 2010 5:07 PM
Subject: Re: [nfb-talk] FYI Are Braille's days as the great equalizer over?


> That's understandable.  I like to listen to books when doing other things. 
> But I, like you, love that braille.
>
> Do you download from WebBraille?
>
> Judy
>
> ----- Original Message ----- 
> From: " Sarah Baughn" <sarahb006 at comcast.net>
> To: "NFB Talk Mailing List" <nfb-talk at nfbnet.org>
> Sent: Tuesday, November 30, 2010 8:56 AM
> Subject: Re: [nfb-talk] FYI Are Braille's days as the great equalizer 
> over?
>
>
>> And I am finding out that since I have had my Stream, I order Braille 
>> books from the library less and less, and I love to read Braille, it's 
>> just that I have admittedly gotten lazy.
>> Sarah
>> ----- Original Message ----- 
>> From: "Judy Jones" <jtj1 at cableone.net>
>> To: "NFB Talk Mailing List" <nfb-talk at nfbnet.org>
>> Sent: Saturday, November 27, 2010 11:59 AM
>> Subject: Re: [nfb-talk] FYI Are Braille's days as the great equalizer 
>> over?
>>
>>
>>> Sarah, you're so right.
>>>
>>> Once when my daughter was in middle school, when I went to check a paper 
>>> she was handing in before printing, I discovered she had written it in 
>>> textese. Like "Im, Ur," etc.  I said that style is limited exclusively 
>>> to texting on phones, but I'm seeing it on FB and elsewhere now, too. 
>>> The basic problem across the board, blind, sighted, society in general 
>>> is the lowering of standards and expectations in all venues of life.
>>>
>>> Judy
>>>
>>>
>>> ----- Original Message ----- 
>>> From: " Sarah Baughn" <sarahb006 at comcast.net>
>>> To: "qubit" <lauraeaves at yahoo.com>; "NFB Talk Mailing List" 
>>> <nfb-talk at nfbnet.org>
>>> Sent: Saturday, November 27, 2010 9:37 AM
>>> Subject: Re: [nfb-talk] FYI Are Braille's days as the great equalizer 
>>> over?
>>>
>>>
>>>> Well, I think it is imperative to learn Braille.  That's the problem 
>>>> with today's society, there is so much technology out there, and it's 
>>>> not only a problem among the blind, but the sighted, with texting and 
>>>> such, don't know how to spell because everything is so abbreviated 
>>>> these days.
>>>> Sarah
>>>> ----- Original Message ----- 
>>>> From: "qubit" <lauraeaves at yahoo.com>
>>>> To: <info at michaelhingson.com>; "NFB Talk Mailing List" 
>>>> <nfb-talk at nfbnet.org>
>>>> Sent: Friday, November 26, 2010 3:00 PM
>>>> Subject: Re: [nfb-talk] FYI Are Braille's days as the great equalizer 
>>>> over?
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>> They neglect several important points: If a child is or will become
>>>>> deafblind, braille is essential for communication.  Also, math and 
>>>>> science
>>>>> are much more difficult to grasp without some kind of tactile
>>>>> representation.  Finally, braille is useful for a lot more than just 
>>>>> reading
>>>>> literature.  It is good for labeling things around the house, or a 
>>>>> file. It
>>>>> is useful for notes when public speaking.  Having a notetaker with a
>>>>> refreshable display also allows a student to take notes quietly in a 
>>>>> class.
>>>>> Finally, I was one of those partially sighted kids who learned braille 
>>>>> in
>>>>> school but wasn't required to use it because I was able to see with
>>>>> magnification.  Now as an adult over -- well, over a certain age 
>>>>> *smile* --
>>>>> I find it much harder to improve my braille reading speed.  I 
>>>>> thankfully
>>>>> remember the codes, but memorization is only part of learning braille. 
>>>>> There
>>>>> is the developed skill of recognizing symbols and words quickly with 
>>>>> your
>>>>> fingers.  I now wish I had spent more time with braille when I was a 
>>>>> child.
>>>>> As far as I am concerned, the article is incomplete.  Someone should 
>>>>> write
>>>>> to the editor.
>>>>> --le
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> ----- Original Message ----- 
>>>>> From: "Michael Hingson" <info at michaelhingson.com>
>>>>> To: "'NFB Talk Mailing List'" <nfb-talk at nfbnet.org>
>>>>> Sent: Friday, November 26, 2010 2:36 PM
>>>>> Subject: [nfb-talk] FYI Are Braille's days as the great equalizer 
>>>>> over?
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Are Braille's days as the great equalizer over?
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Keith Gillard taps away on his computer's Microsoft Egronomic keyboard 
>>>>> at
>>>>> his home in Edmonton, Aug. 4, 2010. "Braille is not necessary to have 
>>>>> a full
>>>>> and complete life as a blind Canadian," he says.
>>>>>
>>>>> Walter Tychnowicz for National Post
>>>>>
>>>>> Keith Gillard taps away on his computer's Microsoft Egronomic keyboard 
>>>>> at
>>>>> his home in Edmonton, Aug. 4, 2010. "Braille is not necessary to have 
>>>>> a full
>>>>> and complete life as a blind Canadian," he says.
>>>>>
>>>>> * Comments <http://www.nationalpost.com/news/canada/#Comments>
>>>>> * Twitter
>>>>> <http://twitter.com/home?status=RT+@nationalpost%3a+Are+Braille%27s+days+as+
>>>>> the+great+equalizer+over%3f+http%3a//www.nationalpost.com/news/canada/Braill
>>>>> e%2bdays%2bgreat%2bequalizer%2bover/3369651/story.html>
>>>>> * LinkedIn
>>>>> <http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=http%3a//www.nationalpos
>>>>> t.com/news/canada/Braille%2bdays%2bgreat%2bequalizer%2bover/3369651/story.ht
>>>>> ml&title=National+Post%3a+Are+Braille%27s+days+as+the+great+equalizer+over%3
>>>>> f>
>>>>> * Digg
>>>>> <http://digg.com/submit?url=http%3a//www.nationalpost.com/news/canada/Braill
>>>>> e%2bdays%2bgreat%2bequalizer%2bover/3369651/story.html&title=National+Post%3
>>>>> a+Are+Braille%27s+days+as+the+great+equalizer+over%3f>
>>>>> * Buzz
>>>>> <http://www.google.com/buzz/post?url=http%3a//www.nationalpost.com/news/cana
>>>>> da/Braille%2bdays%2bgreat%2bequalizer%2bover/3369651/story.html&message=Nati
>>>>> onal+Post%3a+Are+Braille%27s+days+as+the+great+equalizer+over%3f&image-url=h
>>>>> ttp%3a//www.nationalpost.com/3369607.bin%3fsize%3d620x465>
>>>>> * Email
>>>>> <http://www.nationalpost.com/ajax/email/story.xml?url=http%3a//www.nationalp
>>>>> ost.com/news/canada/Braille%2bdays%2bgreat%2bequalizer%2bover/3369651/story.
>>>>> html&id=3369651&title=National+Post+Story%3a++Are+Braille%27s+days+as+the+gr
>>>>> eat+equalizer+over%3f>
>>>>> *
>>>>>
>>>>> Kenyon Wallace, National Post . Friday, Aug. 6, 2010
>>>>>
>>>>> The publication in 1829 of a small booklet explaining how a series of 
>>>>> raised
>>>>> dots arranged in a line could teach the world's blind to read is one 
>>>>> of
>>>>> modern history's great, if often overlooked, turning points.
>>>>>
>>>>> Once hailed as the great intellectual equalizer, Louis Braille's 
>>>>> development
>>>>> of a new alphabet that could be read with the fingers is now at risk 
>>>>> of
>>>>> being consigned to history, overtaken by the rapid pace of changing
>>>>> technology.
>>>>>
>>>>> Only 10% of blind school-aged children are taught Braille today; 
>>>>> compared to
>>>>> about 50% in the 1960s, according to the U.S. National Federation of 
>>>>> the
>>>>> Blind. The statistic is roughly the same for Canada.
>>>>>
>>>>> The prospect of Braille becoming obsolete has sparked a polarizing 
>>>>> debate
>>>>> between advocates, educators and individuals over the causes of the 
>>>>> code's
>>>>> decline and what to do about it.
>>>>>
>>>>> Advocates blame funding shortages, not enough qualified teachers, and
>>>>> decisions by administrators to deny Braille instruction to children 
>>>>> with low
>>>>> vision because of an emphasis on encouraging these students to read 
>>>>> print.
>>>>> Educators say this assessment couldn't be further from the truth and 
>>>>> argue
>>>>> that today's diagnostic tools have honed the art of identifying those 
>>>>> who
>>>>> truly require Braille instruction and those who don't.
>>>>>
>>>>> Others still - including many blind people - say advances in assistive
>>>>> technology, such as audiobooks, voice recognition software and 
>>>>> computer
>>>>> screen-readers, have rendered Braille unnecessary in daily life. They 
>>>>> say
>>>>> its cumbersome nature - a single Harry Potter book printed on Braille 
>>>>> paper
>>>>> will fill a moving box - makes it impractical and unaffordable.
>>>>>
>>>>> "Braille is not necessary to have a full and complete life as a blind
>>>>> Canadian," said Edmonton resident Keith Gillard, who was born with 
>>>>> retinitis
>>>>> pigmentosa, a degenerative eye condition that rendered him legally, 
>>>>> but not
>>>>> completely, blind at birth. As a child, he was encouraged to use what 
>>>>> vision
>>>>> he had to learn print, but not Braille. "They taught me how to touch 
>>>>> type
>>>>> rather than learn Braille."
>>>>>
>>>>> By his mid-20s, the blurry fog obscuring his peripheral vision began 
>>>>> to
>>>>> creep toward the centre of his eyes as his condition worsened. Mr. 
>>>>> Gillard
>>>>> gauged the severity of his increasing blindness by his ability to see 
>>>>> the
>>>>> lines on the ice at his local hockey rink each winter while playing on 
>>>>> a
>>>>> blind hockey team.
>>>>>
>>>>> Now 49 and completely blind, he says he has contemplated learning 
>>>>> Braille,
>>>>> but probably never will given the plethora of technological aids he 
>>>>> uses at
>>>>> work as a federal civil servant and at home.
>>>>>
>>>>> "Adaptive technology has opened up the world of education and 
>>>>> employment for
>>>>> blind Canadians. Braille hasn't done that," he said.
>>>>>
>>>>> "I recognize the benefits. Would I be better off as a blind Canadian 
>>>>> if I
>>>>> was a proficient Braille reader? I think I would be. Is it necessary 
>>>>> for me
>>>>> to be successful? No."
>>>>>
>>>>> Up until nine years ago, Sarah Empey, 35, had full eyesight. When she 
>>>>> was
>>>>> 26, the Type 1 diabetic suffered complications due to high blood 
>>>>> pressure
>>>>> and started to go blind. Despite several operations, she now has only 
>>>>> 15%
>>>>> vision in her right eye.
>>>>>
>>>>> She intends to learn Braille one day, but hasn't found the need for it 
>>>>> yet,
>>>>> and has learned only numbers.
>>>>>
>>>>> "It's not something I would use at this point," says Ms. Empey, a 
>>>>> Calgary
>>>>> resident and short film director.
>>>>>
>>>>> She uses a program on her computer called ZoomText, which magnifies 
>>>>> text and
>>>>> uses an audio device called a VictorReader to listen to books.
>>>>>
>>>>> "Some people are fine with technology doing everything for them. I do 
>>>>> see
>>>>> Braille as slightly dying off, but for me, Braille still means more
>>>>> independence [in the future]."
>>>>>
>>>>> Twenty years ago, the predominant philosophy governing education of 
>>>>> the
>>>>> blind was to maximize the efficiency of whatever vision students had 
>>>>> in a
>>>>> regular classroom with their sighted peers. This required partially 
>>>>> blind
>>>>> children to use a myriad of tools such as monocular telescopes to see 
>>>>> the
>>>>> blackboard, magnifying glasses, bold markers and large-print books. 
>>>>> These
>>>>> tools evolved through the 1980s to include small cameras students 
>>>>> could roll
>>>>> over text that would be blown up on a closed circuit television.
>>>>>
>>>>> "Braille was never given to them as an option because if you had 
>>>>> vision, you
>>>>> were supposed to use vision," said Dr. Carol Farrenkopf, coordinator 
>>>>> of the
>>>>> Toronto District School Board's Vision Program.
>>>>>
>>>>> It wasn't until the mid-1990s that teachers began using a tool called 
>>>>> a
>>>>> "learning media assessment," using observations and timed-readings to
>>>>> determine if Braille should be introduced.
>>>>>
>>>>> Another factor driving down the rate of Braille use is the fact that 
>>>>> those
>>>>> who go blind later in life due to medical conditions, such as diabetes 
>>>>> and
>>>>> macular degeneration, already have literacy skills and are therefore 
>>>>> less
>>>>> likely to be inclined to learn a new writing system.
>>>>>
>>>>> "A 60-year-old woman working who already knows how to read and write 
>>>>> and
>>>>> then loses her vision, why does she need to learn Braille when she can 
>>>>> keep
>>>>> going with technology?" said Ms. Farrenkopf.
>>>>>
>>>>> She stresses that not all blind children need to be taught Braille.
>>>>>
>>>>> "Legal blindness is not the same thing as being totally blind," said 
>>>>> Ms.
>>>>> Farrenkopf, noting that 20/200 vision - legal blindness - is still
>>>>> functional vision. (Someone with 20/200 can see a letter at 20 feet 
>>>>> while a
>>>>> person with normal vision can see the same letter from 200 feet.)
>>>>>
>>>>> "Kids with 20/200 vision don't need to be reading Braille."
>>>>>
>>>>> That opinion is not shared by all Braille advocates, who wonder at the 
>>>>> logic
>>>>> of not teaching the system to children when many eye conditions are
>>>>> degenerative.
>>>>>
>>>>> "They're in the school system where people are being encouraged to use 
>>>>> the
>>>>> technology and their remaining vision at the expense of learning 
>>>>> Braille
>>>>> that will prepare them for vision loss as they get older," said CNIB
>>>>> spokeswoman Ellie Shuster.
>>>>>
>>>>> Advocates also say the integration of blind children within the 
>>>>> regular
>>>>> school system means less one-on-one time between teachers and students 
>>>>> and
>>>>> therefore less consistent Braille instruction. The result, they say, 
>>>>> is that
>>>>> many students end up being functionally illiterate.
>>>>>
>>>>> "School districts across the country, in general, don't adequately 
>>>>> support
>>>>> Braille instruction," said Betty Nobel, president of the Canadian 
>>>>> Braille
>>>>> Authority. "In the primary grades, kids should have daily Braille
>>>>> instruction, but they're not getting that."
>>>>>
>>>>> Forty years ago, Canada was home to several residential schools for 
>>>>> the
>>>>> blind, where all students were expected to learn Braille. There is 
>>>>> only one
>>>>> such school remaining today: W. Ross Macdonald School for the Blind 
>>>>> and
>>>>> Deafblind in Brantford, Ont.
>>>>>
>>>>> The Atlantic Provinces Special Education Authority, which provides
>>>>> educational services to students from birth to 21 years of age with 
>>>>> sensory
>>>>> impairments, has also established several successful short-term, 
>>>>> intensive
>>>>> Braille courses that can be taken during the regular school year.
>>>>>
>>>>> But it's not enough, says Ms. Nobel, who is also department head of 
>>>>> the
>>>>> Program for the Visually Impaired at Vancouver Community College and a 
>>>>> CNIB
>>>>> library board member. She says teachers in the regular school system 
>>>>> may not
>>>>> have blind children in their classes every year, meaning they lack the
>>>>> opportunity to stay proficient in Braille.
>>>>>
>>>>> "If this means lowering the workloads for teachers that have blind 
>>>>> students,
>>>>> that's what we need," she said.
>>>>>
>>>>> The implications for an illiterate blind population are profound.
>>>>>
>>>>> A study by Dr. Ruby Ryles, a blindness researcher at Louisiana Tech
>>>>> University, found that visually impaired people who learned Braille at 
>>>>> a
>>>>> young age were more likely to be employed, financially independent and
>>>>> better educated than those who relied primarily on print -- this in a 
>>>>> world
>>>>> where blind adults already face an unemployment rate of over 70%.
>>>>>
>>>>> Diana Brent, a teacher of visually impaired students, and her husband, 
>>>>> Doug
>>>>> Brent, a University of Calgary communications professor, are the 
>>>>> authors of
>>>>> one of the only studies comparing the writings of blind people who 
>>>>> learned
>>>>> Braille at a young age and those who didn't. Non-Braille users were 
>>>>> asked to
>>>>> type stories on a keyboard using audio software.
>>>>>
>>>>> Their findings were alarming. The Brents described the prose of the
>>>>> non-Braille group as "jumbled and confused."
>>>>>
>>>>> "It's as if all of their ideas are crammed into a container, shaken, 
>>>>> and
>>>>> thrown randomly onto a sheet of paper like dice onto a table," the 
>>>>> authors
>>>>> concluded. "The process of making connections, linking one idea to 
>>>>> another
>>>>> is tenuous at best."
>>>>>
>>>>> While preliminary, the results suggest that blind children relying 
>>>>> solely on
>>>>> an oral education have virtually no means of literacy in the sense 
>>>>> that
>>>>> society has come to understand it.
>>>>>
>>>>> "It's still well worth teaching children Braille, even if they choose 
>>>>> later
>>>>> to drift away from it," said Mr. Brent. "To not have access to a way 
>>>>> of
>>>>> organizing thought that depends on a system of written record, to not 
>>>>> be
>>>>> formed by that arguably makes people think differently and puts them 
>>>>> at a
>>>>> significant disadvantage."
>>>>>
>>>>> kewallace at nationalpost.com
>>>>>
>>>>> - - -
>>>>>
>>>>> Who was Louis Braille?
>>>>>
>>>>> Louis Braille was born fully sighted on Jan. 4, 1809 in a small town 
>>>>> near
>>>>> Paris, France.
>>>>>
>>>>> He lost his sight as a small boy after accidentally stabbing himself 
>>>>> in the
>>>>> eye with a stitching awl his his father's shoemaking workshop. An 
>>>>> infection
>>>>> in one eye spread to the other, rendering him completely blind.
>>>>>
>>>>> A creative and intelligent boy, Braille earned a scholarship to the 
>>>>> Royal
>>>>> Institution for Blind Youth in Paris when he was 10.
>>>>>
>>>>> While there, he learned to read using a system of raised letters by 
>>>>> pressing
>>>>> shaped copper wire onto paper. But this cumbersome system made it 
>>>>> impossible
>>>>> for blind people to write by themselves.
>>>>>
>>>>> In 1821, French army captain Charles Barbier de la Serre visited the 
>>>>> school
>>>>> to share his invention, which he called "Night Writing." The invention 
>>>>> was a
>>>>> series of 12 raised dots combined to form words that soldiers could 
>>>>> use to
>>>>> communicate in the night without talking.
>>>>>
>>>>> The code proved too difficult to understand, so Braille modified the 
>>>>> system
>>>>> to a series of six raised dots, with characters representing each 
>>>>> letter of
>>>>> the alphabet. In 1829 he published his system in the booklet, "The 
>>>>> Method of
>>>>> Writing Words, Music and Plain Song by Means of Dots, for Use by the 
>>>>> Blind
>>>>> and Arranged by Them."
>>>>>
>>>>> This new system of reading and writing - Braille - did not catch on
>>>>> immediately. Braille, who eventually became a teacher at the 
>>>>> Institute, died
>>>>> of tuberculosis on Jan. 6, 1852, before even his own school adopted 
>>>>> his
>>>>> code.
>>>>>
>>>>> The French government officially recognized the Braille system two 
>>>>> years
>>>>> later, and it eventually became the world standard for written 
>>>>> communication
>>>>> for the blind.
>>>>>
>>>>> In 1952, Braille's body was disinterred and reburied in the Pantheon 
>>>>> in
>>>>> Paris to lie with the remains of other distinguished French citizens.
>>>>>
>>>>> Kenyon Wallace, National Post
>>>>>
>>>>> - - -
>>>>>
>>>>> Blindness By The Numbers
>>>>>
>>>>> 10 Percentage of legally blind North Americans who can read Braille
>>>>>
>>>>> 836,000 Number of Canadians living with significant vision loss that 
>>>>> cannot
>>>>> be corrected with ordinary lenses
>>>>>
>>>>> 70 Percentage of blind North Americans who are unemployed
>>>>>
>>>>> 1,000,000 number of Canadians with some form of macular degeneration, 
>>>>> the
>>>>> leading cause of vision loss in North Americans over the age of 50
>>>>>
>>>>> 90 Percentage of blind children in the United States not learning 
>>>>> Braille
>>>>> today
>>>>>
>>>>> 50 Percentage of blind American high school students who drop out
>>>>>
>>>>> 75,000 Number of people who lose all or part of their vision every 
>>>>> year
>>>>>
>>>>> Source: NFB and CNIB
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Tools
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> . <http://www.nationalpost.com/news/canada/#DecreaseTextSize> -
>>>>> <http://www.nationalpost.com/news/canada/#IncreaseTextSize> + Change 
>>>>> text
>>>>> size
>>>>>
>>>>> .         Print <http://www.nationalpost.com/news/canada/#Print>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> More On This Story
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> .
>>>>> <http://www.nationalpost.com/news/canada/Blind+person+sense+smell+better+dif
>>>>> ferent+study/2958847/story.html> Blind person's sense of smell not 
>>>>> better,
>>>>> but different: study
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> .
>>>>> <http://www.nationalpost.com/news/canada/Artist+creates+book+nudes+blind/290
>>>>> 3068/story.html> Artist creates book of nudes for the blind
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> The Michael Hingson Group, INC.
>>>>>
>>>>> "Speaking with Vision"
>>>>>
>>>>> Michael Hingson, President
>>>>>
>>>>> (415) 827-4084
>>>>>
>>>>> <mailto:info at michaelhingson.com> info at michaelhingson.com
>>>>>
>>>>> To learn more about my upcoming book, speaking topics and speaking
>>>>> availability please visit  <http://www.michaelhingson.com>
>>>>> www.michaelhingson.com
>>>>>
>>>>> Thunder Dog is now available for early ordering on Amazon!!!
>>>>> <http://www.amazon.com/Thunder-Dog-Blind-Triumph-Ground/dp/140020304X/ref=sr
>>>>> _1_3?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1289090352&sr=1-3>
>>>>> http://www.amazon.com/Thunder-Dog-Blind-Triumph-Ground/dp/140020304X/ref=sr_
>>>>> 1_3?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1289090352&sr=1-3
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> for info on the new KNFB Reader Mobile, visit:
>>>>>
>>>>> <http://knfbreader.michaelhingson.com> 
>>>>> http://knfbreader.michaelhingson.com
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> _______________________________________________
>>>>> nfb-talk mailing list
>>>>> nfb-talk at nfbnet.org
>>>>> http://www.nfbnet.org/mailman/listinfo/nfb-talk_nfbnet.org
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> _______________________________________________
>>>>> nfb-talk mailing list
>>>>> nfb-talk at nfbnet.org
>>>>> http://www.nfbnet.org/mailman/listinfo/nfb-talk_nfbnet.org
>>>>
>>>>
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>>>
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