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<title>Posts from Fred's Head from APH for 04/25/2019</title>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Subject:</b> Posts from Fred's Head from APH for 04/25/2019<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">More inspiration for bell program and braille literacy--Louise</p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:125%"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060">The latest blog posts from Fred's Head from APH, a Blindness Blog.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:125%"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><a href="https://nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fus8.campaign-archive.com%2F%3Fe%3Da408867f88%26u%3D0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765%26id%3D03439a995f&data=02%7C01%7C%7Ce4358da18c174aab8b3008d6ca478308%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636918805822560010&sdata=3gm82Zoi1oxOrxTkn3J9k4jd4FNzCVhGiyccyxjj37k%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank"><span style="color:#606060">View
this email in your browser</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060">Updates from
<a href="http://www.fredshead.info/">http://www.fredshead.info/</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h1>FRED'S HEAD, FROM APH<o:p></o:p></h1>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060">In the 04/25/2019 edition:</span></strong><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><a href="#mctoc1"><span style="color:#6DC6DD">Stevie Wonder's Trail to Braille</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li></ul>
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<h2><a name="mctoc1"></a><a href="https://nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Faph.us8.list-manage.com%2Ftrack%2Fclick%3Fu%3D0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765%26id%3D7004ad63cc%26e%3Da408867f88&data=02%7C01%7C%7Ce4358da18c174aab8b3008d6ca478308%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636918805822580026&sdata=cImD%2FYT9GvRXcRR8oHe2Y0CwMzD9OKMyZnESc1DF5SM%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank"><span style="color:#6DC6DD;font-weight:normal">Stevie
Wonder's Trail to Braille</span></a><o:p></o:p></h2>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><em><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060">By APH Blogger on Apr 25, 2019 02:05 pm</span></em><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#606060;background:white">This is part of our series on the importance of braille literacy. We asked braille readers about their
introduction to the braille system and how braille has changed their lives. This is part of a campaign to promote the Braille Trail Reader LE, a limited edition refreshable braille display from APH: <a href="https://nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Faph.us8.list-manage.com%2Ftrack%2Fclick%3Fu%3D0d9bb2b66f092e599244d8765%26id%3Deba20215c8%26e%3Da408867f88&data=02%7C01%7C%7Ce4358da18c174aab8b3008d6ca478308%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636918805822600048&sdata=CZev%2FtHrC5YTJB43blrPM2RrErbuxdbK5ihepFq6UJ0%3D&reserved=0"><span style="color:#E33E60">https://bit.ly/2CNHeWO</span></a></span></i><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:windowtext">A young Stevie Wonder smiling with his head resting in his hands</span><span style="color:windowtext"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#606060"><br>
<b>If you watched Stevie Wonder’s turn as an awards presenter at the 2016 Grammy Awards,</b> you know he made a splash by reading the winner off an envelope embossed in braille, and Wonder took the opportunity to reaffirm himself as one of the world’s foremost
advocates for accessibility.</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#606060">But it wasn’t always that easy.</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#606060">The little boy who would grow up to be Stevie Wonder was born Steveland Morris in Saginaw, Michigan in May 1950. Born
premature, he was hustled into an incubator in the hospital’s nursery ward. Doctors knew the incubators provided vital warmth and oxygen and dramatically improved an infant’s chance at survival, but what they did not know was that too much oxygen could damage
the baby’s eyes. And Steveland would be one of many thousands who would emerge from the experience blind. </span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#606060">Traditionally, kids who were blind had attended residential schools, but by the mid-20th century, larger cities had created
day school programs. By that time living in Detroit, with his mother Lula and five brothers and sisters, Stevie attended Fitzgerald Elementary, the public school that hosted students with visual impairments. But he had attendance problems. Even as a boy
of twelve, Stevie had been discovered by the hitmakers at Motown Records, and he, and his mother, were in trouble with the Detroit Public School System, for truancy.</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#606060">Berry Gordy, the legendary head at Motown, tried to head off the problem by hiring a tutor, a middle-aged retired teacher
from the Kentucky School for the Blind, Peggy Traub. Mrs. Traub didn’t mind tutoring the boy but found the job of supervising a teenage boy on a musical tour more than she could handle. She suggested contacting the Michigan School for the Blind’s well-regarded
superintendent, Robert Thompson, to see if Thompson could recommend anyone. And indeed, Thompson could.</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#606060">Ted Hull, a graduate of Thompson’s school, had just left Michigan State University with his degree as a teacher of the
visually impaired. Contacted by Gordy’s sister, Esther, Hull agreed to take on the job. His story is told in fascinating detail in his 2000 memoir The Wonder Years. </span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#606060">It was 1963 when Ted met Stevie for the first time. Ted Hull found that although Stevie was technically
a sixth grader, he had missed so much time that he would need to start Stevie out at the fifth-grade level. And he needed equipment: braille textbooks, a talking book phonograph, a tape recorder, a Perkins braille writer, a braille slate and stylus, braille
paper, and a cubarithm board, a tool used to work out arithmetic problems in braille. And he needed to develop relationships, relationships with the tour coordinators and relationships at the Michigan School for the Blind, where Stevie would be enrolled as
an ordinary student when not traveling the world as a superstar.</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#606060">Classes had to be fitted in between recording sessions, rehearsals, and performances. Impromptu classes took place in
hallways or corners backstage. As Hull remembered, “The world became his classroom.” And Stevie’s bright young mind absorbed it all like a sponge. It was a unique experience, one designed expressly for a very unique young man. In 1969, Stevie graduated
from MSB. But his braille trail, his record as an advocate for full accessibility, was only just beginning.</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;background:white"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#606060">What's your braille trail?</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;background:white"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#606060">Share your story to braille literacy with us for a chance to be featured in our braille literacy series: <a href="mailto:communications@aph.org"><span style="color:#E33E60">communications@aph.org</span></a></span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#606060"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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