<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body dir="auto"><div dir="ltr"><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">Hi everyone<div><br></div><div>Question can everyone please keep me lifted up in prayers. I have some news to share with you that I just found out yesterday from the MRI they did back December 3. I had to wait until they had got a new doctor. The new doctor at BRANDON HEALTHPLEX.</div><div><br></div><div>She read the MRI results to me and my sign language interpreter. And I just found out that I am in the early stages of spinal stenosis. Yesterday I cried and my doctor wanted to keep me for a little while until my nerves was coming up to leave. If you’re not sure what spinal stenosis is I will link it down below.<br><br>I put some information down below for those who do not know what spinal stenosis is. You can read it at your own time if you would like to</div><div><br></div><div>Lots of love always ❤️🤟</div><div>Ineko & Frisco <br><br><main id="content" class="mw-body" style="border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: transparent; padding-bottom: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); caret-color: rgb(32, 33, 34); color: rgb(32, 33, 34); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Lato, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 21.647058486938477px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);"><div id="bodyContent" class="content" style="margin: 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.65; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; position: relative; z-index: 0; word-wrap: break-word;"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none;"><b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none;">Spinal stenosis</b> is an <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stenosis" title="Stenosis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">abnormal narrowing</a> of the <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_canal" title="Spinal canal" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">spinal canal</a> or <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_foramen" class="mw-redirect" title="Neural foramen" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">neural foramen</a> that results in pressure on the <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_cord" title="Spinal cord" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">spinal cord</a> or <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerve_roots" class="mw-redirect" title="Nerve roots" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">nerve roots</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Over_6-1" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Over-6" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup> Symptoms may include pain, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraesthesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraesthesia" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">numbness</a>, or weakness in the arms or legs.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Sym_1-3" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Sym-1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[1]</a></sup> Symptoms are typically gradual in onset and improve with bending forwards.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Sym_1-4" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Sym-1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[1]</a></sup>Severe symptoms may include <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bladder_incontinence" class="mw-redirect" title="Bladder incontinence" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">loss of bladder control</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowel_incontinence" class="mw-redirect" title="Bowel incontinence" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">loss of bowel control</a>, or <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_dysfunction" title="Sexual dysfunction" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">sexual dysfunction</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Sym_1-5" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Sym-1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[1]</a></sup></p><table class="infobox" style="font-size: 19.48235321044922px; border-collapse: collapse; display: flex; box-sizing: border-box; width: 343px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 2em; overflow: auto hidden; position: relative; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 236, 240); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); flex: 1 1 100%; flex-flow: column nowrap; max-width: 100%; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-left: 0px !important; float: none !important;"><tbody style="display: flex; flex-flow: column nowrap;"><tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%; text-align: center; width: 321px; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204);">Spinal stenosis</th></tr><tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%; text-align: center; width: 321px;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LUMBAR_TREFOIL_CANAL.JPG" class="image" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;"><img alt="LUMBAR TREFOIL CANAL.JPG" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/LUMBAR_TREFOIL_CANAL.JPG/300px-LUMBAR_TREFOIL_CANAL.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="255" data-file-width="458" data-file-height="389" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; max-width: 100%; height: auto !important;" data-unique-identifier=""></a></td></tr><tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%; text-align: center; width: 321px;">Spinal stenosis</td></tr><tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_specialty" title="Medical specialty" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">Specialty</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthopedics" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthopedics" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">Orthopedics</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurosurgery" title="Neurosurgery" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">neurosurgery</a></td></tr><tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signs_and_symptoms" title="Signs and symptoms" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">Symptoms</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;">Pain, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraesthesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraesthesia" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">numbness</a>, or weakness in the arms or legs<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Sym_1-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Sym-1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[1]</a></sup></td></tr><tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complication_(medicine)" title="Complication (medicine)" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">Complications</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bladder_incontinence" class="mw-redirect" title="Bladder incontinence" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">Loss of bladder control</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowel_incontinence" class="mw-redirect" title="Bowel incontinence" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">loss of bowel control</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_dysfunction" title="Sexual dysfunction" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">sexual dysfunction</a><sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Sym_1-1" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Sym-1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[1]</a></sup></td></tr><tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;">Usual onset</th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;">Gradual<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Sym_1-2" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Sym-1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[1]</a></sup></td></tr><tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;">Types</th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_spinal_stenosis" title="Cervical spinal stenosis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">Cervical</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_vertebrae" title="Thoracic vertebrae" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">thoracic</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbar_spinal_stenosis" title="Lumbar spinal stenosis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">lumbar</a><sup id="cite_ref-Can2014_2-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Can2014-2" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[2]</a></sup></td></tr><tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;">Causes</th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoarthritis" title="Osteoarthritis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">Osteoarthritis</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">rheumatoid arthritis</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_tumor" title="Spinal tumor" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">spinal tumors</a>, trauma, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paget%27s_disease_of_the_bone" class="mw-redirect" title="Paget's disease of the bone" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">Paget's disease of the bone</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scoliosis" title="Scoliosis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">scoliosis</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spondylolisthesis" title="Spondylolisthesis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">spondylolisthesis</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achondroplasia" title="Achondroplasia" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">achondroplasia</a><sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Cau_3-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Cau-3" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[3]</a></sup></td></tr><tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_diagnosis" title="Medical diagnosis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">Diagnostic method</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;">Based on symptoms and <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_imaging" title="Medical imaging" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">medical imaging</a><sup id="cite_ref-Dom2010_4-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Dom2010-4" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup></td></tr><tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_diagnosis" title="Differential diagnosis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">Differential diagnosis</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauda_equina_syndrome" title="Cauda equina syndrome" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">Cauda equina syndrome</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteomylitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Osteomylitis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">osteomylitis</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_vascular_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Peripheral vascular disease" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">peripheral vascular disease</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibromyalgia" title="Fibromyalgia" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">fibromyalgia</a><sup id="cite_ref-Fer2018_5-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Fer2018-5" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[5]</a></sup></td></tr><tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;">Treatment</th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;">Medications, exercises, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back_brace" title="Back brace" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">bracing</a>, surgery.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Over_6-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Over-6" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup></td></tr><tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medication" title="Medication" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">Medication</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/NSAIDs" class="mw-redirect" title="NSAIDs" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">NSAIDs</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetaminophen" class="mw-redirect" title="Acetaminophen" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">acetaminophen</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steroid_injections" class="mw-redirect" title="Steroid injections" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">steroid injections</a><sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Tx_7-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Tx-7" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[7]</a></sup></td></tr><tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border: 0px; padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;">Frequency</th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align: top; border: 0px; padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;">Up to 8% of people<sup id="cite_ref-Dom2010_4-1" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Dom2010-4" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none;">Causes may include <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoarthritis" title="Osteoarthritis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">osteoarthritis</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">rheumatoid arthritis</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_tumor" title="Spinal tumor" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">spinal tumors</a>, trauma, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paget%27s_disease_of_the_bone" class="mw-redirect" title="Paget's disease of the bone" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">Paget's disease of the bone</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scoliosis" title="Scoliosis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">scoliosis</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spondylolisthesis" title="Spondylolisthesis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">spondylolisthesis</a>, and the genetic condition <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achondroplasia" title="Achondroplasia" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">achondroplasia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Cau_3-1" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Cau-3" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[3]</a></sup>It can be classified by the part of the spine affected into <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_spinal_stenosis" title="Cervical spinal stenosis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">cervical</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_vertebrae" title="Thoracic vertebrae" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">thoracic</a>, and <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbar_spinal_stenosis" title="Lumbar spinal stenosis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">lumbar stenosis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Can2014_2-1" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Can2014-2" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[2]</a></sup> Lumbar stenosis is the most common, followed by cervical stenosis.<sup id="cite_ref-Can2014_2-2" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Can2014-2" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[2]</a></sup>Diagnosis is generally based on symptoms and <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_imaging" title="Medical imaging" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">medical imaging</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dom2010_4-2" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Dom2010-4" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none;">Treatment may involve medications, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back_brace" title="Back brace" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">bracing</a>, or surgery.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Over_6-2" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Over-6" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup> Medications may include <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/NSAIDs" class="mw-redirect" title="NSAIDs" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">NSAIDs</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetaminophen" class="mw-redirect" title="Acetaminophen" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">acetaminophen</a>, or <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steroid_injections" class="mw-redirect" title="Steroid injections" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">steroid injections</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Tx_7-1" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Tx-7" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[7]</a></sup> Stretching and strengthening exercises may also be useful.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Sym_1-6" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Sym-1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[1]</a></sup> Limiting certain activities may be recommended.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Over_6-3" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Over-6" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup> Surgery is typically only done if other treatments are not effective, with the usual procedure being a <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decompressive_laminectomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Decompressive laminectomy" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">decompressive laminectomy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Tx_7-2" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Tx-7" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[7]</a></sup></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none;">Spinal stenosis occurs in as many as 8% of people.<sup id="cite_ref-Dom2010_4-3" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Dom2010-4" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup> It occurs most commonly in people over the age of 50.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Risk_8-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Risk-8" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[8]</a></sup> Males and females are affected equally often.<sup id="cite_ref-AO2013_9-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-AO2013-9" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[9]</a></sup> The first modern description of the condition is from 1803 by <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Portal" title="Antoine Portal" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">Antoine Portal</a>, and there is evidence of the condition dating back to <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">Ancient Egypt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Boo2008_10-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Boo2008-10" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;">[10]</a></sup></p></section><h2 class="section-heading collapsible-heading" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0.5em 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.3; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; clear: left; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word; display: table; cursor: pointer; position: relative;"><div class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-mf-expand mw-ui-icon-element mw-ui-icon-small indicator mw-ui-icon-flush-left" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px -0.5625em; padding: 0.5625em; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1em; font-size: initial; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; position: relative; display: inline-block; width: 1em; height: 1em; min-width: 1em; min-height: 1em; flex-basis: 1em; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; -webkit-appearance: none; border-top-left-radius: 2px; border-top-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-left-radius: 2px; transition: background-color 100ms; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: content-box !important;"></div><span class="mw-headline" id="Signs_and_symptoms" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-controls="content-collapsible-block-0" aria-expanded="false" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; display: table-cell; width: 286px;">Signs and symptoms</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; display: table-cell;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spinal_stenosis&action=edit§ion=1" title="Edit section: Signs and symptoms" data-section="1" class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-element mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit-base20 edit-page mw-ui-icon-flush-right" style="margin: -0.75em -0.75em -0.75em 0px; padding: 0.75em; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 0; font-size: initial; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; position: relative; display: inline-block; width: 1.25em; height: 1.25em; min-width: 1.25em; min-height: 1.25em; flex-basis: 1.25em; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; -webkit-appearance: none; border-top-left-radius: 2px; border-top-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-left-radius: 2px; transition: background-color 100ms; visibility: hidden; box-sizing: content-box !important;"></a></span></h2><h2 class="section-heading collapsible-heading" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0.5em 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.3; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; clear: left; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word; display: table; cursor: pointer; position: relative;"><div class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-mf-expand mw-ui-icon-element mw-ui-icon-small indicator mw-ui-icon-flush-left" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px -0.5625em; padding: 0.5625em; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1em; font-size: initial; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; position: relative; display: inline-block; width: 1em; height: 1em; min-width: 1em; min-height: 1em; flex-basis: 1em; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; -webkit-appearance: none; border-top-left-radius: 2px; border-top-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-left-radius: 2px; transition: background-color 100ms; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: content-box !important;"></div><span class="mw-headline" id="Causes" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-controls="content-collapsible-block-1" aria-expanded="false" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; display: table-cell; width: 286px;">Causes</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; display: table-cell;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spinal_stenosis&action=edit§ion=4" title="Edit section: Causes" data-section="4" class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-element mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit-base20 edit-page mw-ui-icon-flush-right" style="margin: -0.75em -0.75em -0.75em 0px; padding: 0.75em; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 0; font-size: initial; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; position: relative; display: inline-block; width: 1.25em; height: 1.25em; min-width: 1.25em; min-height: 1.25em; flex-basis: 1.25em; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; -webkit-appearance: none; border-top-left-radius: 2px; border-top-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-left-radius: 2px; transition: background-color 100ms; visibility: hidden; box-sizing: content-box !important;"></a></span></h2><h2 class="section-heading collapsible-heading" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0.5em 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.3; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; clear: left; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word; display: table; cursor: pointer; position: relative;"><div class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-mf-expand mw-ui-icon-element mw-ui-icon-small indicator mw-ui-icon-flush-left" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px -0.5625em; 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width: 286px;">Types</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; display: table-cell;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spinal_stenosis&action=edit§ion=11" title="Edit section: Types" data-section="11" class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-element mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit-base20 edit-page mw-ui-icon-flush-right" style="margin: -0.75em -0.75em -0.75em 0px; padding: 0.75em; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 0; font-size: initial; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; position: relative; display: inline-block; width: 1.25em; height: 1.25em; min-width: 1.25em; min-height: 1.25em; flex-basis: 1.25em; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; -webkit-appearance: none; border-top-left-radius: 2px; border-top-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-left-radius: 2px; transition: background-color 100ms; visibility: hidden; box-sizing: content-box !important;"></a></span></h2><h2 class="section-heading collapsible-heading" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0.5em 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.3; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; clear: left; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word; display: table; cursor: pointer; position: relative;"><div class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-mf-expand mw-ui-icon-element mw-ui-icon-small indicator mw-ui-icon-flush-left" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px -0.5625em; padding: 0.5625em; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; 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border-top-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-left-radius: 2px; transition: background-color 100ms; visibility: hidden; box-sizing: content-box !important;"></a></span></h2><h2 class="section-heading collapsible-heading" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0.5em 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.3; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; clear: left; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word; display: table; cursor: pointer; position: relative;"><div class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-mf-expand mw-ui-icon-element mw-ui-icon-small indicator mw-ui-icon-flush-left" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px -0.5625em; padding: 0.5625em; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1em; font-size: initial; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; position: relative; display: inline-block; width: 1em; height: 1em; min-width: 1em; min-height: 1em; flex-basis: 1em; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; -webkit-appearance: none; border-top-left-radius: 2px; border-top-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-left-radius: 2px; transition: background-color 100ms; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: content-box !important;"></div><span class="mw-headline" id="Treatments" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-controls="content-collapsible-block-4" aria-expanded="false" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; display: table-cell; width: 286px;">Treatments</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; 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border-bottom-left-radius: 2px; transition: background-color 100ms; visibility: hidden; box-sizing: content-box !important;"></a></span></h2><h2 class="section-heading collapsible-heading" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0.5em 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.3; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; clear: left; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word; display: table; cursor: pointer; position: relative;"><div class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-mf-expand mw-ui-icon-element mw-ui-icon-small indicator mw-ui-icon-flush-left" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px -0.5625em; padding: 0.5625em; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1em; font-size: initial; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; position: relative; display: inline-block; width: 1em; height: 1em; min-width: 1em; min-height: 1em; flex-basis: 1em; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; -webkit-appearance: none; border-top-left-radius: 2px; border-top-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-left-radius: 2px; transition: background-color 100ms; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: content-box !important;"></div><span class="mw-headline" id="Epidemiology" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-controls="content-collapsible-block-5" aria-expanded="false" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; display: table-cell; width: 286px;">Epidemiology</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; display: table-cell;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spinal_stenosis&action=edit§ion=21" title="Edit section: Epidemiology" data-section="21" class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-element mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit-base20 edit-page mw-ui-icon-flush-right" style="margin: -0.75em -0.75em -0.75em 0px; padding: 0.75em; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 0; font-size: initial; vertical-align: middle; background-image: none; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; position: relative; display: inline-block; width: 1.25em; height: 1.25em; min-width: 1.25em; min-height: 1.25em; flex-basis: 1.25em; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; -webkit-appearance: none; border-top-left-radius: 2px; border-top-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-right-radius: 2px; border-bottom-left-radius: 2px; 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