<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body dir="auto">Hi DAVID<div><br></div><div>I’m not too young I am about 50 years old. And yes I’ve been having back pain for years in years. But it also has to do with muscle spasms I get all through my body and into my back. That the doctors at my family care is scared that the spasms are close to my spine. And I told my doctor Thursday my new doctor that I’m starting to have numbness and tingling in my left hand and I am I left handed Young woman or young lady. And that I need my hands to see and to read un contracted braille. And also have bursitis in my right hip and right leg also. So the new doctor is thinking I’m probably starting to have some tingling in my feet also I told her I will let her know when the tingling is as strong as in my hand. And in my legs. But I told her I am doing stretching exercise in my house and she knows being that I am blind with a guide dog she knows I walk a lot and he said that’s also good. I told her I rather continue to do my stretching exercise at home by myself since I am not working because of Covid I don’t wanna have to spend out any more money than I have to and she said since I’m doing a good job at home myself we will not use other means she say cause I’m doing a good job. I told her all of the pain is in my middle of my spine down and when she mashed I flinched and I sign to my sign language interpreter where it hurt. Yes along with me being blind I am also considered deaf blind. So I use a tactile handover hand sign language interpreter for all of my doctors appointments. And for when we have zoom meetings I asked my girlfriend if she can come over and she it’s not have a problem because she have family members that are deaf but she is not a licensed interpreter she just happens to know sign language. I am taking medicine for muscle spasms, and naproxen for deep pain. And my doctor trust me with that medicine because I told her my mom that raised me was a nurse and she taught us how to use medicine like naproxen and codeine and any other medicine is strong like that on how to take it. On the bottle WALGREENS told me it says take as needed. But if I wake up and I’m not hurting I don’t take it. And if I do take one it’ll be like 8 o’clock in the morning and the next one will be 9 o’clock at night.</div><div><br></div><div>And my new doctor is praying that I hope I don’t have to have surgery or be in a wheelchair down the road. Because it is bad enough that I am deaf blind and I don’t wanna be in no wheelchair because I live on the second floor and that’s good because it helps with my legs to go up and down the stairs</div><div><br></div><div>My new doctor think I started getting spinal stenosis mid 2019 because of the pain I am in now and the last doctor he could not pinpoint it and wasn’t in a rush to do an MRI on my spine. And when he did send out the order for me to do the MRI on my spine he left so I had the MRI done on December 3 of last year right before he left. But there was nobody to take his place until last month of the first. So I had to wait all that time to know the diagnosis. I cried yes because I just have too many problems with my health and I am just tired now but I’m not giving up because I am an auntie three times over and all the kids need me my sisters need me, and my brother who has cancer needs me, and Frisco helps me to keep going</div><div><br></div><div>Lots of love always ❤️🤟</div><div>Ineko & Frisco </div><div><br><div dir="ltr">Sent from my iPhone</div><div dir="ltr"><br><blockquote type="cite">On May 15, 2021, at 10:53 AM, Ineko Gary <rubiigary@gmail.com> wrote:<br><br></blockquote></div><blockquote type="cite"><div dir="ltr"><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">I have bursitis in my right hip down my right leg, I suffer from muscle spasms I had since I’ve been a little girl and thin, and now I have spinal stenosis which is all in my spine. I talk to my doctor the other day at my appointment Thursday and I told her that I tried chiropractor. But I just was more sore after I was done then before I went in. Because they have one at USF massage Center. So I just try to manage the pain by some exercise. But my doctor said that since I am already having numbness in tingling in my left hand and arm that eventually I will have it in my legs and feet. I told her that a few times before my MRI back in December my right leg gave out and if I was in the kitchen I didn’t have nothing to grab onto. And I told her since I’ve been waiting for a new doctor to come in my right leg gave out a few other times. She told me my condition will get worse I’m at the beginning stage of it. I have a lot going on with my health. Along with being blind we’re only have now light perception. I’m also deaf without hearing aids and severely heart of hearing with hearing aids. I was born with two bones on the right side of my ribs fuse together. Even when I was thin I had trouble with hypoglycemic. I also have acid reflex. And I have a severe health problems from when I had surgery back in 2003 where a doctor got fired for giving me HIV through a small needle because I told him she stuck me with a needle and it burned whatever came out that needle and a lady got fired and come to find out she gave me HIV. And then I have muscle spasms, bursitis, and the newest is spinal stenosis she said I’m in my early stage and I’m already showing symptoms with the numbness and tingling in my left arm and hand and I told her this is bad because I’m left-handed and I need my hands to read braille. She said I can continue to do some exercise at home myself as I’m doing so I don’t have to spend extra money on a physical therapist coming to my house or going to a chiropractor. But she did tell me it looks like it may get worse.<div><br></div><div>But she said I am doing good but trying to manage it by myself by doing leg exercise and body stretches. I told her since my balance is bad I lay down in the bed to do my legs exercise and if I’m standing up I will put one hand on the stove in the other hand on the sink and do exercise with my legs like that. And if I wanna do squats I hold onto the back of a chair so I don’t lose my balance because I have bad balance.</div><div><br></div><div>Lots of love always ❤️🤟</div><div>neko & Frisco </div><div><br><div dir="ltr">Sent from my iPhone</div><div dir="ltr"><br><blockquote type="cite">On May 15, 2021, at 10:03 AM, David via NFBF-Tampa <nfbf-tampa@nfbnet.org> wrote:<br><br></blockquote></div><blockquote type="cite"><div dir="ltr">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<p><font size="+2">Hello, Ineko,</font></p>
<p><font size="+2">Spinal stenosis is very common. I just had
surgery opening up the trefoil canal from the top of the
thoracic spine to the bottom of the lumbar spine, removing a
disc or two, screwing two titanium rods to both ends of ten
vertebrae. I can't say it was painless, but it is manageable. At
81 I've had a good run. The surgery will likely allow me to
avoid being paralyzed or having my peripheral neuropathy
progress any further.</font></p>
<p><font size="+2">It is important to keep your core muscles in
shape. I've had some back pain for years, but exercise and
acetaminophen have kept it in check until now. I probably
wouldn't have even had the surgery at this point if it hadn't
been for a nasty e-coli abscess on my spine that had to be
removed by taking out some of the bone. I chose to move forward
and have the laminectomy to avoid problems down the road.</font></p>
<p><font size="+2">You are young yet. So you likely have a lot of
time before the stenosis becomes much of a problem, if it ever
does. While everyone is different, it sounds like you have a
good medical team that will keep on top of it.</font></p>
<p><font size="+2">Good luck to you.</font></p>
<div class="moz-signature">
<font size="+2">David in Clearwater, FL<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:david@bakerinet.com">david@bakerinet.com</a></font></div>
<div class="moz-signature"><b><br>
</b></div>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 5/14/2021 11:33 PM, Ineko Gary via
NFBF-Tampa wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:9C765E19-9018-4754-B603-73AE84398CC2@gmail.com">
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<div dir="ltr">
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;
charset=UTF-8">
Hi everyone
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Question can everyone please keep me lifted up in prayers.
I have some news to share with you that I just found out
yesterday from the MRI they did back December 3. I had to wait
until they had got a new doctor. The new doctor at BRANDON
HEALTHPLEX.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>She read the MRI results to me and my sign language
interpreter. And I just found out that I am in the early
stages of spinal stenosis. Yesterday I cried and my doctor
wanted to keep me for a little while until my nerves was
coming up to leave. If you’re not sure what spinal stenosis is
I will link it down below.<br>
<br>
I put some information down below for those who do not know
what spinal stenosis is. You can read it at your own time if
you would like to</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Lots of love always ❤️🤟</div>
<div>Ineko & Frisco <br>
<br>
<main id="content" class="mw-body" style="border-top-width:
1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: transparent;
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<div id="bodyContent" class="content" style="margin: 0px
16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
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<section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0">
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border:
0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none;"><b style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none;">Spinal
stenosis</b> is an <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stenosis" title="Stenosis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107,
75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">abnormal narrowing</a> of
the <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_canal" title="Spinal canal" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107,
75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">spinal canal</a> or <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_foramen" class="mw-redirect" title="Neural foramen" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">neural
foramen</a> that results in pressure on the <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_cord" title="Spinal cord" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107,
75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">spinal cord</a> or <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerve_roots" class="mw-redirect" title="Nerve roots" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">nerve
roots</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Over_6-1" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image:
none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Over-6" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[6]</a></sup> Symptoms
may include pain, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraesthesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraesthesia" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">numbness</a>,
or weakness in the arms or legs.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Sym_1-3" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size:
0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi:
isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Sym-1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[1]</a></sup> Symptoms
are typically gradual in onset and improve with
bending forwards.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Sym_1-4" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image:
none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Sym-1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[1]</a></sup>Severe
symptoms may include <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bladder_incontinence" class="mw-redirect" title="Bladder incontinence" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">loss
of bladder control</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowel_incontinence" class="mw-redirect" title="Bowel incontinence" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">loss
of bowel control</a>, or <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_dysfunction" title="Sexual dysfunction" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none;
color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">sexual dysfunction</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Sym_1-5" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size:
0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi:
isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Sym-1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[1]</a></sup></p>
<table class="infobox" style="font-size:
19.48235321044922px; border-collapse: collapse;
display: flex; box-sizing: border-box; width: 343px;
margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 2em; overflow: auto
hidden; position: relative; border: 1px solid rgb(234,
236, 240); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); flex:
1 1 100%; flex-flow: column nowrap; max-width: 100%;
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!important; float: none !important;">
<tbody style="display: flex; flex-flow: column
nowrap;">
<tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex;
flex-flow: row nowrap;">
<th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px
0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240);
padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%; text-align:
center; width: 321px; background-color: rgb(204,
204, 204);">Spinal stenosis</th>
</tr>
<tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex;
flex-flow: row nowrap;">
<td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px
0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240);
padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%; text-align:
center; width: 321px;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LUMBAR_TREFOIL_CANAL.JPG" class="image" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75,
161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true"><img alt="LUMBAR
TREFOIL CANAL.JPG" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/LUMBAR_TREFOIL_CANAL.JPG/300px-LUMBAR_TREFOIL_CANAL.JPG" decoding="async" data-file-width="458" data-file-height="389" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
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inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: middle; background-image:
none; max-width: 100%; height: auto
!important;" moz-do-not-send="true" width="300" height="255" data-unique-identifier=""></a></td>
</tr>
<tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex;
flex-flow: row nowrap;">
<td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px
0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240);
padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%; text-align:
center; width: 321px;">Spinal stenosis</td>
</tr>
<tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex;
flex-flow: row nowrap;">
<th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px
0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240);
padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_specialty" title="Medical specialty" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75,
161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">Specialty</a></th>
<td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:
top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px;
border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color:
rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0
0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthopedics" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthopedics" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">Orthopedics</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurosurgery" title="Neurosurgery" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">neurosurgery</a></td>
</tr>
<tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex;
flex-flow: row nowrap;">
<th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px
0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240);
padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signs_and_symptoms" title="Signs and symptoms" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75,
161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">Symptoms</a></th>
<td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:
top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px;
border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color:
rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0
0%;">Pain, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraesthesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraesthesia" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">numbness</a>, or
weakness in the arms or legs<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Sym_1-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none;
unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Sym-1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image:
none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[1]</a></sup></td>
</tr>
<tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex;
flex-flow: row nowrap;">
<th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px
0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240);
padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complication_(medicine)" title="Complication (medicine)" style="margin:
0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75,
161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">Complications</a></th>
<td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:
top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px;
border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color:
rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0
0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bladder_incontinence" class="mw-redirect" title="Bladder
incontinence" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75,
161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">Loss of bladder control</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowel_incontinence" class="mw-redirect" title="Bowel incontinence" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">loss of bowel control</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_dysfunction" title="Sexual
dysfunction" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image:
none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">sexual
dysfunction</a><sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Sym_1-1" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none;
unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Sym-1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image:
none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[1]</a></sup></td>
</tr>
<tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex;
flex-flow: row nowrap;">
<th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px
0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240);
padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;">Usual onset</th>
<td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:
top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px;
border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color:
rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0
0%;">Gradual<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Sym_1-2" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em;
background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate;
white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Sym-1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image:
none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[1]</a></sup></td>
</tr>
<tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex;
flex-flow: row nowrap;">
<th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px
0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240);
padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;">Types</th>
<td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:
top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px;
border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color:
rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0
0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_spinal_stenosis" title="Cervical spinal stenosis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">Cervical</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_vertebrae" title="Thoracic vertebrae" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">thoracic</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbar_spinal_stenosis" title="Lumbar spinal stenosis" style="margin:
0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">lumbar</a><sup id="cite_ref-Can2014_2-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none;
unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Can2014-2" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image:
none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[2]</a></sup></td>
</tr>
<tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex;
flex-flow: row nowrap;">
<th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px
0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240);
padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;">Causes</th>
<td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:
top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px;
border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color:
rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0
0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoarthritis" title="Osteoarthritis" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">Osteoarthritis</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis" style="margin:
0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">rheumatoid arthritis</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_tumor" title="Spinal tumor" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">spinal tumors</a>,
trauma, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paget%27s_disease_of_the_bone" class="mw-redirect" title="Paget's disease of
the bone" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image:
none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">Paget's
disease of the bone</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scoliosis" title="Scoliosis" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75,
161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">scoliosis</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spondylolisthesis" title="Spondylolisthesis" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">spondylolisthesis</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achondroplasia" title="Achondroplasia" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">achondroplasia</a><sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Cau_3-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none;
unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Cau-3" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image:
none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[3]</a></sup></td>
</tr>
<tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex;
flex-flow: row nowrap;">
<th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px
0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240);
padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_diagnosis" title="Medical diagnosis" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75,
161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">Diagnostic method</a></th>
<td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:
top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px;
border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color:
rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0
0%;">Based on symptoms and <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_imaging" title="Medical imaging" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">medical imaging</a><sup id="cite_ref-Dom2010_4-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none;
unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Dom2010-4" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image:
none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[4]</a></sup></td>
</tr>
<tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex;
flex-flow: row nowrap;">
<th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px
0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240);
padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_diagnosis" title="Differential diagnosis" style="margin:
0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75,
161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">Differential diagnosis</a></th>
<td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:
top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px;
border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color:
rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0
0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauda_equina_syndrome" title="Cauda equina syndrome" style="margin:
0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">Cauda equina syndrome</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteomylitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Osteomylitis" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">osteomylitis</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_vascular_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Peripheral vascular
disease" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image:
none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">peripheral
vascular disease</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibromyalgia" title="Fibromyalgia" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">fibromyalgia</a><sup id="cite_ref-Fer2018_5-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none;
unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Fer2018-5" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image:
none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[5]</a></sup></td>
</tr>
<tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex;
flex-flow: row nowrap;">
<th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px
0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240);
padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;">Treatment</th>
<td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:
top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px;
border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color:
rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0
0%;">Medications, exercises, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back_brace" title="Back brace" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">bracing</a>, surgery.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Over_6-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em;
background-image: none; unicode-bidi: isolate;
white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Over-6" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image:
none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[6]</a></sup></td>
</tr>
<tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex;
flex-flow: row nowrap;">
<th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px
0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240);
padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medication" title="Medication" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75,
161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">Medication</a></th>
<td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:
top; border-width: 0px 0px 1px;
border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color:
rgb(234, 236, 240); padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0
0%;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/NSAIDs" class="mw-redirect" title="NSAIDs" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">NSAIDs</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetaminophen" class="mw-redirect" title="Acetaminophen" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">acetaminophen</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steroid_injections" class="mw-redirect" title="Steroid injections" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color:
rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">steroid injections</a><sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Tx_7-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none;
unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Tx-7" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image:
none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[7]</a></sup></td>
</tr>
<tr style="min-width: 100%; display: flex;
flex-flow: row nowrap;">
<th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="vertical-align: top; border: 0px;
padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0 0%;">Frequency</th>
<td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:
top; border: 0px; padding: 7px 10px; flex: 1 0
0%;">Up to 8% of people<sup id="cite_ref-Dom2010_4-1" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image: none;
unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Dom2010-4" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image:
none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[4]</a></sup></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border:
0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none;">Causes may include <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoarthritis" title="Osteoarthritis" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107,
75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">osteoarthritis</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none;
color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">rheumatoid arthritis</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_tumor" title="Spinal tumor" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107,
75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">spinal tumors</a>, trauma, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paget%27s_disease_of_the_bone" class="mw-redirect" title="Paget's disease of the
bone" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">Paget's
disease of the bone</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scoliosis" title="Scoliosis" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107,
75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">scoliosis</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spondylolisthesis" title="Spondylolisthesis" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none;
color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">spondylolisthesis</a>, and
the genetic condition <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achondroplasia" title="Achondroplasia" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107,
75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">achondroplasia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Cau_3-1" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size:
0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi:
isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Cau-3" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[3]</a></sup>It
can be classified by the part of the spine affected
into <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_spinal_stenosis" title="Cervical spinal stenosis" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none;
color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">cervical</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_vertebrae" title="Thoracic vertebrae" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none;
color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">thoracic</a>, and <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbar_spinal_stenosis" title="Lumbar spinal stenosis" style="margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none;
color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">lumbar stenosis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Can2014_2-1" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size:
0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi:
isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Can2014-2" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[2]</a></sup> Lumbar
stenosis is the most common, followed by cervical
stenosis.<sup id="cite_ref-Can2014_2-2" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image:
none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Can2014-2" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[2]</a></sup>Diagnosis
is generally based on symptoms and <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_imaging" title="Medical imaging" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107,
75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">medical imaging</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dom2010_4-2" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size:
0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi:
isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Dom2010-4" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[4]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border:
0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none;">Treatment may involve
medications, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back_brace" title="Back brace" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107,
75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">bracing</a>, or surgery.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Over_6-2" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size:
0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi:
isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Over-6" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[6]</a></sup> Medications
may include <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/NSAIDs" class="mw-redirect" title="NSAIDs" style="margin:
0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height:
inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image:
none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161); text-decoration:
none;" moz-do-not-send="true">NSAIDs</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetaminophen" class="mw-redirect" title="Acetaminophen" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">acetaminophen</a>,
or <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steroid_injections" class="mw-redirect" title="Steroid injections" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">steroid
injections</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Tx_7-1" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image:
none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Tx-7" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[7]</a></sup> Stretching
and strengthening exercises may also be useful.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Sym_1-6" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size:
0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi:
isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Sym-1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[1]</a></sup> Limiting
certain activities may be recommended.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Over_6-3" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size:
0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi:
isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Over-6" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[6]</a></sup> Surgery
is typically only done if other treatments are not
effective, with the usual procedure being a <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decompressive_laminectomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Decompressive
laminectomy" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107,
75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">decompressive laminectomy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Tx_7-2" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size:
0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi:
isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Tx-7" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[7]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border:
0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none;">Spinal stenosis occurs in as
many as 8% of people.<sup id="cite_ref-Dom2010_4-3" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; font-family: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: 1; font-size: 0.75em; background-image:
none; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Dom2010-4" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[4]</a></sup> It
occurs most commonly in people over the age of 50.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2017Risk_8-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size:
0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi:
isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-NIH2017Risk-8" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[8]</a></sup> Males
and females are affected equally often.<sup id="cite_ref-AO2013_9-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size:
0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi:
isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-AO2013-9" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[9]</a></sup> The
first modern description of the condition is from 1803
by <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Portal" title="Antoine Portal" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107,
75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">Antoine Portal</a>, and there
is evidence of the condition dating back to <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align:
baseline; background-image: none; color: rgb(107,
75, 161); text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">Ancient Egypt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Boo2008_10-0" class="reference" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1; font-size:
0.75em; background-image: none; unicode-bidi:
isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis#cite_note-Boo2008-10" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; color: rgb(107, 75, 161);
text-decoration: none;" moz-do-not-send="true">[10]</a></sup></p>
</section>
<h2 class="section-heading collapsible-heading" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0.5em 0px;
border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); font-family:
"Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: 1.3; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; clear: left; word-wrap:
break-word; word-break: break-word; display: table;
cursor: pointer; position: relative;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Signs_and_symptoms" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-controls="content-collapsible-block-0" aria-expanded="false" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle;
background-image: none; display: table-cell; width:
286px;">Signs and symptoms</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle;
background-image: none; display: table-cell;"></span></h2>
<h2 class="section-heading collapsible-heading" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0.5em 0px;
border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); font-family:
"Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: 1.3; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; clear: left; word-wrap:
break-word; word-break: break-word; display: table;
cursor: pointer; position: relative;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Causes" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-controls="content-collapsible-block-1" aria-expanded="false" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle;
background-image: none; display: table-cell; width:
286px;">Causes</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle;
background-image: none; display: table-cell;"></span></h2>
<h2 class="section-heading collapsible-heading" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0.5em 0px;
border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); font-family:
"Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: 1.3; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; clear: left; word-wrap:
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cursor: pointer; position: relative;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Types" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-controls="content-collapsible-block-2" aria-expanded="false" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle;
background-image: none; display: table-cell; width:
286px;">Types</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle;
background-image: none; display: table-cell;"></span></h2>
<h2 class="section-heading collapsible-heading" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0.5em 0px;
border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); font-family:
"Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: 1.3; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; clear: left; word-wrap:
break-word; word-break: break-word; display: table;
cursor: pointer; position: relative;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Diagnosis" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-controls="content-collapsible-block-3" aria-expanded="false" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle;
background-image: none; display: table-cell; width:
286px;">Diagnosis</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle;
background-image: none; display: table-cell;"></span></h2>
<h2 class="section-heading collapsible-heading" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0.5em 0px;
border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); font-family:
"Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: 1.3; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; clear: left; word-wrap:
break-word; word-break: break-word; display: table;
cursor: pointer; position: relative;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Treatments" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-controls="content-collapsible-block-4" aria-expanded="false" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle;
background-image: none; display: table-cell; width:
286px;">Treatments</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle;
background-image: none; display: table-cell;"></span></h2>
<h2 class="section-heading collapsible-heading" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0.5em 0px;
border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); font-family:
"Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: 1.3; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; clear: left; word-wrap:
break-word; word-break: break-word; display: table;
cursor: pointer; position: relative;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Epidemiology" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-controls="content-collapsible-block-5" aria-expanded="false" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle;
background-image: none; display: table-cell; width:
286px;">Epidemiology</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle;
background-image: none; display: table-cell;"></span></h2>
<h2 class="section-heading collapsible-heading" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0.5em 0px;
border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); font-family:
"Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif;
font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
line-height: 1.3; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; clear: left; word-wrap:
break-word; word-break: break-word; display: table;
cursor: pointer; position: relative;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Research" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-controls="content-collapsible-block-6" aria-expanded="false" style="margin: 0px; padding:
0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style:
inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle;
background-image: none; display: table-cell; width:
286px;">Research</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
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line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle;
background-image: none; display: table-cell;"></span></h2>
<h2 class="section-heading collapsible-heading" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0.5em 0px;
border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;
border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); font-family:
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line-height: 1.3; vertical-align: baseline;
background-image: none; clear: left; word-wrap:
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cursor: pointer; position: relative;"><span class="mw-headline" id="References" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-controls="content-collapsible-block-7" aria-expanded="false" style="margin: 0px; padding:
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inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle;
background-image: none; display: table-cell; width:
286px;">References</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;
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line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle;
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<h2 class="section-heading collapsible-heading" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0.5em 0px;
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