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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor="#FDFDFD" lang=EN-US link="#1A1A1A" vlink="#1A1A1A" style='word-wrap:break-word'><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b>From:</b> brl-monitor-bounces@nfbcal.org <brl-monitor-bounces@nfbcal.org> <b>On Behalf Of </b>Brian Buhrow<br><b>Sent:</b> Thursday, March 31, 2022 5:24 PM<br><b>To:</b> brl-monitor@nfbcal.org<br><b>Subject:</b> [Brl-monitor] The Braille Monitor, April 2022<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div id=header><h1><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The Braille Monitor, April 2022<o:p></o:p></span></h1></div><h1 id=braille-monitor><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>BRAILLE MONITOR<o:p></o:p></span></h1><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Vol. 65, No. 4 April 2022<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Gary Wunder, Editor<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Distributed by email, in inkprint, in Braille, and on USB flash drive, by the<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>NATIONAL FEDERATION OF THE BLIND<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Mark Riccobono, President<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>telephone: 410-659-9314<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>email address: <a href="mailto:nfb@nfb.org">nfb@nfb.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>website address: <a href="http://www.nfb.org">http://www.nfb.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>NFBnet.org: <a href="http://www.nfbnet.org">http://www.nfbnet.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>NFB-NEWSLINE® information: 866-504-7300<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Like us on Facebook: Facebook.com/nationalfederationoftheblind<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Follow us on Twitter: @NFB_Voice<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Watch and share our videos: YouTube.com/NationsBlind<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Letters to the President, address changes, subscription requests, and orders for NFB literature should be sent to the national office. Articles for the <em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif'>Monitor</span></em> and letters to the editor may also be sent to the national office or may be emailed to <a href="mailto:gwunder@nfb.org">gwunder@nfb.org</a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><em><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Monitor</span></em><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> subscriptions cost the Federation about forty dollars per year. Members are invited, and nonmembers are requested, to cover the subscription cost. Donations should be made payable to <strong><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif'>National Federation of the Blind</span></strong> and sent to:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>National Federation of the Blind<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>200 East Wells Street <em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif'>at Jernigan Place</span></em><br>Baltimore, Maryland 21230-4998<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>THE NATIONAL FEDERATION OF THE BLIND KNOWS THAT BLINDNESS IS NOT THE CHARACTERISTIC THAT DEFINES YOU OR YOUR FUTURE. EVERY DAY WE RAISE THE EXPECTATIONS OF BLIND PEOPLE, BECAUSE LOW EXPECTATIONS CREATE OBSTACLES BETWEEN BLIND PEOPLE AND OUR DREAMS. YOU CAN LIVE THE LIFE YOU WANT; BLINDNESS IS NOT WHAT HOLDS YOU BACK. THE NATIONAL FEDERATION OF THE BLIND IS NOT AN ORGANIZATION SPEAKING FOR THE BLIND—IT IS THE BLIND SPEAKING FOR OURSELVES.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>ISSN 0006-8829<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>© 2022 by the National Federation of the Blind<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Each issue is recorded on a thumb drive (also called a memory stick or USB flash drive). You can read this audio edition using a computer or a National Library Service digital player. The NLS machine has two slots—the familiar book-cartridge slot just above the retractable carrying handle and a second slot located on the right side near the headphone jack. This smaller slot is used to play thumb drives. Remove the protective rubber pad covering this slot and insert the thumb drive. It will insert only in one position. If you encounter resistance, flip the drive over and try again. (Note: If the cartridge slot is not empty when you insert the thumb drive, the digital player will ignore the thumb drive.) Once the thumb drive is inserted, the player buttons will function as usual for reading digital materials. If you remove the thumb drive to use the player for cartridges, when you insert it again, reading should resume at the point you stopped.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>You can transfer the recording of each issue from the thumb drive to your computer or preserve it on the thumb drive. However, because thumb drives can be used hundreds of times, we would appreciate their return in order to stretch our funding. Please use the return envelope enclosed with the drive when you return the device.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Vol. 65, No. 4 April 2022<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=contents><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Contents<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>New Orleans Site of 2022 Convention<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by John Berggren<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The 2022 Washington Seminar in Review<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Gary Wunder<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Significance of the Washington Seminar 2022<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Mark Riccobono<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Access Technology Affordability Act Fact Sheet<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Medical Device Nonvisual Accessibility Act Fact Sheet<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Twenty-First Century Websites & Applications Accessibility Act Fact Sheet<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Transformation to Competitive Integrated Employment Act Fact Sheet<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The Movement at Work: Federationists March on Washington<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by James Gashel<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>An Apology to Our Readers<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Gary Wunder<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>A Letter to Myself or an Awkward Stage<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Buddy Collier<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>See for Me: Finally, We’re on the Right Track<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Danielle McCann and Chris Danielsen<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>What Does It Mean to Be Part of a Civil Rights Organization Today?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Maurice Peret<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The 2022 Blind Educator of the Year Award<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Robin House<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>A Funny Thing Happened to Me Today, but Is It Really Funny?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Gary Wunder<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Dr. Jacob Bolotin Award Applications Accepted<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Everette Bacon<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>An Appeal for Help<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Kane Brolin<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The 2022 Distinguished Educator of Blind Students Award<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Carla McQuillan<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Recipes<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><em><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Monitor</span></em><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Miniatures<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>[PHOTO CAPTION: An aerial view of the New Orleans Marriott]<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=new-orleans-site-of-2022-convention><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>New Orleans Site of 2022 Convention<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by John Berggren</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The 2022 Convention of the National Federation of the Blind will take place in New Orleans, Louisiana, July 5 to July 10, at the New Orleans Marriott at 555 Canal Street, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70130. You can reserve a room now at the Marriott by calling 800-654-3990 ensuring you’ll be in our headquarters hotel. If you wish to stay in our overflow hotel directly across Canal Street, call 855-516-1090 to book a room at the Sheraton New Orleans.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The nightly rate for both the Marriott and the Sheraton is $109 for singles and doubles. Triples and quads can be booked for $119 per night. You should also anticipate the combined sales tax and tourism support rate of 16.2 percent, and note there is a hotel occupancy fee of $3.00 per night.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Both hotels will take a deposit of the first night’s room rate, taxes, and fees and will require a credit card or a personal check. If you use a credit card, the deposit will be charged against your card immediately. If a reservation is cancelled before Monday, June 1, 2022, half of the deposit will be returned. Refunds will not be issued for cancellations made beyond that date.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The hotels sit astride the storied Canal Street at 555 and 500 Canal Street respectively, only blocks from the mighty Mississippi River and even closer to the historic French Quarter. Both hotels offer a range of dining options as well as twenty-four-hour fitness centers. You’ll find a rooftop pool at the Marriott, while the Sheraton features a Starbucks in its atrium lobby.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The schedule for the 2022 convention is:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Tuesday, July 5 Seminar Day<br>Wednesday, July 6 Registration and Resolutions Day<br>Thursday, July 7 Board Meeting and Division Day<br>Friday, July 8 Opening Session<br>Saturday, July 9 Business Session<br>Sunday, July 10 Banquet Day and Adjournment<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The health of our members is of paramount importance as we plan for our first in-person convention in three years. Both of our convention hotels are committed to ensuring the safety of guests and have implemented cleaning protocols and elevated practices to deliver on this commitment. The National Federation of the Blind will continually monitor masking policies, vaccination requirements, and other health guidelines that may apply to our convention. Updates will be shared with members throughout the months leading up to convention, so members can plan accordingly.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>[PHOTO CAPTION: Gary Wunder]<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=the-2022-washington-seminar-in-review><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The 2022 Washington Seminar in Review<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Gary Wunder</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>How enabling it is to realize that, while others watch government from afar, feel powerless over it, and believe themselves distant from the way it works and how they might engage, we have a tremendous gift; we have one another and the faith to believe that together we can make a difference. Things don't happen as fast as we would like, and there is no question that some have easier access to the levers of power than we do. But as true as this is, we are strengthened not only by the changes we bring about but also by the struggle to create them, the bonds we forge in working together, and the actions we take to move from a dream to a strategy to an implementation of a plan to make good things happen for ourselves and others.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Much work goes into the four-day event we call the Washington Seminar. Our Government Affairs team carefully weighs what we have introduced before, new issues that have surfaced, and the likelihood that something we need will be positively received by Congress. Then the team makes its recommendations to the President and the National Federation of the Blind Board of Directors. Often our elected leaders are given more priority issues than we can handle, so a part of their job is to decide not just what is important but what issues we will take as the most important. Their service as elected representatives of the blind means they are in touch with the wants and needs of the people where they live as well as the people they meet throughout the country on whom they rely for advice. Throw into the mix the wisdom that comes from their own experience with the legislative process, and you begin to get some idea about how the issues we take become our legislative agenda each year.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Arranging the logistics is no small matter. When is the best time to hold the seminar, given that Congress can change its schedule at will, and it may vary from year to year? When can we get hotel space at the best price available? Writing the fact sheets, getting them distributed, and organizing meetings to go over our issues all takes planning and coordination. Often our staff pulls this off so well we are tempted to think it is easy.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Monday began with a lively student seminar hosted by the National Association of Blind Students. Their message was quite clear: we are students, and every one of these issues pertains to us. We are at this seminar because it is our opportunity to improve our present and to carve out a future where we can live the lives we want. Discussing the issues from the perspective of students and role-playing was a big part of the agenda, and the participation was excellent.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>In the afternoon the Government Affairs team held a seminar that also involved reviewing the issues and featured two groups in meetings with Ron Brown who was, for these meetings, Senator Ronald Brown. Questions were invited after each session, and the beauty of having two of them was to see how the same issues could be presented differently depending on the spokesperson.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>At 5:00 p.m. EST, President Riccobono convened the Great Gathering-In for an audience present in the NFB of Utah Auditorium and the hundreds of us located throughout the nation. President Biden has asked the nation to embrace the challenge of building back better, but President Riccobono believes that the real challenge should be building back better with the blind. His keynote presentation stressed that we have been coming to the United States Capitol for at least half a century, that the issues we address make a real difference in the lives of blind people, and that, based on the common sense that drives our legislative agenda, they are bipartisan in nature. A copy of his address will be found later in this issue.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Social media is always a part of our legislative work, so President Riccobono introduced Danielle McCann to give us an update. The conversations we had can be viewed on Facebook and Twitter by using the hashtag #NFBINDC. She reminded us that when we take or get pictures from any appointments, we should make sure we post them with a caption. She concluded with a thank you to Vispero for including our Access Technology Affordability Act in some of its publicity, and John Paré was featured prominently in this effort.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>President Riccobono interrupted the program to give special thanks to the people who were making it possible: those maintaining the Zoom link, those who were providing captioning, and those who were performing translation from English to Spanish. In his expression of appreciation, the President also thanked all of those attending through the Zoom platform and welcomed those who are not currently members to become a part of our Federation family. He observed that we have affiliates in every state, chapters in most communities of any size, and a way for members at large to participate if there simply are no chapters in their area. There are many special interest divisions in which one might wish to participate, and the benefits one derives from helping another are incalculable.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Our focus next turned to board member Everette Bacon of Utah and his work as the chairman of the Dr. Jacob Bolotin Committee. Everette said that this is one of the most prestigious awards that is given to recognize individuals and organizations bettering the lives of blind people. The award is presented in honor of a blind physician who practiced in Chicago, Illinois, and funds are provided by a generous donation made by his family. To apply for a Dr. Jacob Bolotin Award, go to <a href="http://www.nfb.org/bolotin">www.nfb.org/bolotin</a>. Applications are taken until April 15, and those chosen to receive the award must attend the National Federation of the Blind Convention in New Orleans to receive it.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Blind people are a small part of the nation’s population, so we regard those elected officials who work to pass legislation benefiting us as champions. One such champion is Senator Steve Daines of Montana. He is the lead sponsor of the Transformation to Competitive Integrated Employment Act, S. 3238. Before coming to the Senate, Steve Daines was a representative from Montana and was voted the most effective first-term representative in 2013 and again in 2014. In the Senate his commitment is to working for well-paying jobs in the state of Montana, developing Montana’s energy resources, protecting our public lands, and supporting the needs of Montana’s veterans and tribes. Given this background, it is not surprising that he supports equal pay for people with disabilities.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Senator Daines has been married to his wife, Cindy, for thirty-four years, and they are the parents of four children and the grandparents of two. Like those of us who serve in the National Federation of the Blind, the senator strives to maintain a healthy life balance that acknowledges the crucial importance of family and the very important work of public service aimed at making the world a better place.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>With these remarks of introduction, Senator Daines took center stage. Here is some of what he said:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Thank you very much for that very gracious and warm introduction. I am truly honored to be here with you all today and talk a bit about what we are trying to do here in Congress to remedy an injustice that is occurring today in our society. I am very thankful that, in a time when there are challenges here in what is certainly a polarized nation and when there is not enough bipartisan cooperation in many areas, we do have a bipartisan bill. I want to tip my hat and give gratitude to Senator Bob Casey of Pennsylvania, a Democrat, working with me, a Republican, to fight on behalf of those with disabilities.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The truth is that there are thousands of Americans with disabilities who are paid less than minimum wage, in fact sometimes as little as a few cents an hour to work. It is my belief and the belief of so many that treating Americans differently based on their ability status isn’t right. It’s not what we stand for as a nation, and that’s why we have this bipartisan bill to ensure that people with disabilities are never paid below the minimum wage. I do not think that is too much to ask.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>There is dignity and there is hope in work. In fact, when you meet somebody, the first thing you ask is 'What is your name.' But the second question you ask is, 'What do you do?' Our work defines who we are, and there is great dignity and there is great hope in waking up in the morning and having a job and going to work. So I believe we should be doing all that we can, not just for Montanans, but for all Americans who have disabilities, to support them in the workforce. They must be treated fairly, not treated unfairly. This bill will ensure that employers get the resources they need to close that gap between paying minimum wage and below minimum wage so that all Americans with disabilities are fairly compensated.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Mr. President, thank you for allowing me to share a few words about this important legislation. Thank you for your advocacy; we are going to need that here on the Hill, so talk with your members of Congress, and let them know that you support this. I look forward to standing with you all shoulder to shoulder to get this done.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The President next introduced a man of tremendous talent who has served as a chapter president, state president, national board member, and a staff member for more than ten years. He currently is the executive director of our Blindness Initiatives program, and the name to which he brings such honor is Anil Lewis. Anil began his presentation by addressing the Federation as it was and as it is. The assertion that the Federation is not the same organization it used to be is one with which he agrees and vehemently disagrees. The Federation we have today is the same one that was created by Dr. tenBroek. It is the same one nurtured and strengthened by Dr. Jernigan, Dr. Maurer, and now by President Mark Riccobono. It believes in blind people as it always has. It supports blind people as it always has. It is committed to representing blind people to draw its strength, as it always has. Yes, it is also different. The year is not 1940 but 2022. Society has different views about the roles of men and women and the inferiority or superiority of people who differ by race, and we view issues such as sexual orientation and gender differently from the way we did eighty-two years ago. What Dr. Jernigan said about our being a minority would not have played very well in 1940. The idea that we were a civil rights organization became popular only after the society in which we live embraced civil rights as a worthy cause. Former President Maurer could actively confront the idea that blind people are not broken sighted people only after we had time to consider this and make it part of our organizational philosophy. He could lead us in creating a research institute on blindness only after he helped reinforce our competence to speak for ourselves and our credentials to do and publish research.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>All of our great leaders have shared one common characteristic: they have not run from challenges but have aggressively marched to meet them. As a Federationist, staff member, and leader in his own right, this is the style Anil has tried to bring in all his work with the National Federation of the Blind.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>With this as a backdrop, our executive director of Blindness Initiatives laid out the challenges in remaining true to our roots and in dealing with the issues facing blind people in the third decade of the twenty-first century. We saw blind students not getting what they needed in the reading and writing of Braille, so we created the BELL Program. In the BELL Program we dealt with the challenges posed by COVID and created our BELL In-Home Edition. When we see racial inequality in our society and even in our organization, we work to address it. As our society has turned its attention to the painful issue of sexual abuse, we too have looked within our organization for it and the means to eradicate such behavior. We need all of our members to know that we are committed to see that every environment in the Federation will be safe, protected, and will allow people to grow. Anil notes that this takes courage, strength, and leadership, but the Federation demands nothing less of our members.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Seeing the need for more teachers of the blind, we have reinstituted our Teacher of Tomorrow program. Whether it is providing education in the fields of science, technology, engineering, art, and math or whether it is focusing on where the blind work in creating job opportunities, the National Federation of the Blind is about initiatives that blind people want and need. We will again hold our summer internship program. This year it will run for ten weeks, and we are actively urging those who apply to tell us what they would like to do that will innovatively address the needs of blind people and simultaneously build this organization that belongs to the blind.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The important thing Executive Director Lewis wants us to understand is that the Blindness Initiatives department is not supported only by the few people who work in Baltimore. It is all of us who have an interest in our present-day problems and who work today to bring about a better future tomorrow.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Valerie Yingling coordinates much of the legal work we do in the Federation, and Scott LaBarre is our General Counsel. The music introducing Scott was the theme song from Perry Mason, a show starring Raymond Burr that was very popular in the 1960s. Although Scott said he would briefly touch on several cases, his recommendation is that all of us who are truly interested in some in-depth coverage go to <a href="http://www.nfb.org/legal">www.nfb.org/legal</a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Scott began by describing a case in which we’re involved against Los Angeles Community College District or LACCD. In the several years of involvement in this case, we have won a few important victories. In both a lower court and the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, the LACCD is violating the Americans with Disabilities Act and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act by not providing accessible materials to blind students and by having websites that are similarly inaccessible. We have won based on the law, but there will now be a trial in which the facts of the case are in dispute. In an already complicated situation, there is yet another wrinkle: the LACCD is actively considering appealing the adverse rulings it has received to the United States Supreme Court. The issue that keeps raising its ugly head is whether the Americans with Disabilities Act and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act allow plaintiffs to seek injunctive relief. In layman’s terms, the question at hand is whether one is able to make any systemic change or reform or whether all one can do is go to court and argue about the individual facts and one’s case. If it is determined that each case speaks only to the rights of one individual, this would be a huge blow to the disability rights community because we would no longer be able to use these laws to effect systemic change: we could only get change person by person. With the hope that we can avoid a confrontation before the Supreme Court, a petition has been circulated telling the LACCD not to appeal this but instead to stand up for the rights of students and others with disabilities. Many have signed the petition, and Scott encouraged all of us to do so.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>[From the Editor: Since this meeting, the LACCD has decided not to appeal its case. The </span></strong><em><b><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Braille Monitor</span></b></em><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> will cover this issue and LACCD’s decision once it is resolved.]</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Amazon is one of the largest retailers in the country. As such, it employs a number of men and women to carry out its work. Blind people need to be a part of that workforce, and we have been actively working with Amazon to see that this is so. While we are making progress, there are difficulties still to be overcome. If you have had difficulty in working with Amazon, please contact Valerie Yingling at the national office by dialing 410-659-9314, extension 2440.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>We have continued to work hard on the right of blind people to vote privately and independently. In New Hampshire we have made significant strides, and the state has agreed to continue using its accessible ballot-marking devices for absentee voting and is still working on all aspects of its process to make it blind friendly. In the state of Maryland, we have entered into a settlement to make sure that there are more accessible ballot-marking devices at polling places.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Valerie said that on our legal page we have posted a number of templates that can be used by students and parents who are running into inaccessible education technology. We are asking that anyone who writes a letter copy <a href="mailto:advocacy@nfb.org">advocacy@nfb.org</a>. Please use the NFB’s Technology Survey to report both accessible and inaccessible technology.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>In addition to education, we are also interested in seeing that blind patients have an accessible experience when they go for examinations or care. Again, we want to hear about the good and the bad, and Valerie is our contact point for this information.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The agreements we have to monitor Uber and Lyft have expired, but we continue to gather information about ongoing discrimination for our legal advocacy work. If you have been discriminated against by either of these ride services based on disability, whether or not you use a service animal or white cane, we want to know. If you have encountered any kind of inaccessible rideshare technology, please take time to report your experience to us at NFB’s Rideshare Discrimination Survey, which is available from the NFB legal webpage.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Lastly, we want everyone to know that the NFB has developed and actively looks at the Contact Us form on our legal page for anyone needing to discuss blindness-related legal concerns or questions. To reiterate, our legal folks can be contacted at 410-659-9314, with Valerie being at extension 2440 and Scott being reachable at 2424.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Given that legal issues will be one of the items receiving prominence on our 2022 Convention agenda, it seems reasonable to hear from the host of our 2022 Convention, the president of the National Federation of the Blind of Louisiana, Pam Allen. It has been a long time since we all got to meet together, and this only builds on the enthusiasm that the National Federation of the Blind of Louisiana has for hosting this year’s convention in New Orleans. Our last convention that set a record for attendance was in New Orleans, and Pam has every hope that this will happen again in 2022.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>One tradition of the Washington Seminar is that doughnuts are usually provided by the District of Columbia Affiliate. Given that the seminar was virtual this year, each affiliate had a chance to be in a drawing, and the affiliate that will get doughnuts at the convention will be Georgia. Congratulations to them, and let us hope that they extend their southern hospitality to invite their friends.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Denise Avant, a member of the National Federation of the Blind Board of Directors from Illinois, was next introduced to talk about the work of the Membership Committee. Denise is a cochair of the committee, and the other is Tarik Williams. The goal of the committee is to bring new members to the largest advocacy organization in the United States and even the world. In doing this, we want to make sure that they feel welcome and that they understand our organization. To help ensure that this happens, we have an onboarding process, and it takes all of us to onboard the new member. Watch for a new video, a revised form, and the tips and tricks that we pass along at all levels to help grow our organization.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Ryan Strunk is the cochairperson of our Preauthorized Contribution Program known as PAC. This year we are excited, because this is the first time in history that the program has raised more than half a million dollars annually. Through the commitment of our members, we were in fact able to raise $504,000. To demonstrate just how easy it is to join the PAC Plan and in fact to get others to join, Ryan played a part of a phone call in which he asked for support. His mother was on the other end of the phone, and while they were talking she filled out the form, providing a description of each field and how easily it was to complete.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>There are several ways to begin giving or to increase your contribution. One is to call 877-632-2722. Alternatively, one can email <a href="mailto:pac@nfb.org">pac@nfb.org</a> for assistance.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>John Paré and his fantastic team were next introduced to discuss the issues that resulted in our having more than four hundred meetings on Capitol Hill. Given that these are discussed in detail in the fact sheets following this article, we will not attempt to summarize them here.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>President Riccobono introduced Trisha Kulkarni, the president of the National Association of Blind Students, and she began with a video created by the students demonstrating their enthusiasm for what brings them to do the work of the Federation. The video suggests that the future is bright for the organized blind of America.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>As a final item on the evening's agenda, our President reviewed efforts to push the administration for accessible COVID testing. Results of those efforts were highlighted in the March issue, as is our ongoing work to help with test interpretation by making them free through Aira. Below is the letter from the White House acknowledging the need for testing and the role of the NFB in moving us in this direction.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>In response to a letter we sent to the White House on January 3, 2022, we received the following statement which was read at the Washington Seminar by President Riccobono:<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=from-the-white-house-office-on-the-covid19-response><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>From the White House Office on the Covid19 Response<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The White House Office on the Covid19 Response is incredibly grateful for the advocacy of the National Federation of the Blind. Over the past month, we have had fruitful discussions with your president and executive director for Advocacy and Policy following up on the Federation’s January 3 letter regarding accessible testing. We are glad that blind individuals have successfully been able to order at-home tests through the administration’s recent distribution and recognize the importance of ensuring that all people in the United States, including blind individuals, can efficiently use them and interpret the results on their own.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>We are working quickly across the agencies to develop short-term solutions for at-home tests currently on the market and long-term solutions around the research and development of at-home tests and alternative solutions to get accessible Covid19 testing to blind individuals.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>We look forward to our continued partnership with the National Federation of the Blind in this work.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>With the conclusion of the Great Gathering-In, we went virtually to the Hill, and our results were everything we could have wished for in our wildest dreams. For our 2022 Washington Seminar, we spoke with almost 80 percent of the elected leaders in Washington and informed them about our legislative priorities. And all your hard work is paying off. As of March 9, our legislation has experienced tremendous cosponsor support. In fact, the Access Technology Affordability Act now has more cosponsors in the House and Senate than it ever has had in any previous Congress. In the House, the ATAA has gained a total of twenty-seven cosponsors since the start of Washington Seminar to bring the total count up to 145. In the Senate we gained three cosponsors on ATAA to bring the total number up to thirty-seven.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>However, the good news doesn’t stop there. We also saw twenty-eight new cosponsors sign onto the Medical Device Nonvisual Accessibility Act (H.R. 4853), to bring the total for that bill up to thirty-eight. Furthermore, sixteen representatives cosponsored the Transformation to Competitive Integrated Employment (H.R. 2373) in the House to bring the total number up to forty.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>All of this additional support is fantastic, but let us not rest on our laurels. We have to remember to keep pushing and keep advocating for our legislative issues until they become law. As a great philosopher, who also happened to be a pretty talented baseball player, once said, “It ain’t over ‘til it’s over.” And we say, “It ain’t over until we have won for the blind of America."<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>[PHOTO CAPTION: Mark Riccobono]<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=significance-of-the-washington-seminar-2022><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Significance of the Washington Seminar 2022<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Mark Riccobono</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>From the Editor: President Riccobono kicked off the Great Gathering-In for the 2022 Washington Seminar of the National Federation of the Blind with the keynote address that follows. It not only set the tone for the evening but its theme was repeated throughout the week as we went about the work of addressing our elected officials on Capitol Hill. Here is what he said:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>We gather in for this 2022 Washington Seminar of the National Federation of the Blind to make America better. We gather because we want to put our hands to the building. We want full participation in both the rights and responsibilities of our democracy.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>This is not our first, our fifth, or our twenty-fifth time coming back. Since 1940 we have been bringing the voice of the nation’s blind to our nation’s capital, seeking equal treatment, equal opportunity, and equal access. For fifty consecutive years we have come by the hundreds to meet our representatives and senators with our priorities, and it is a certainty that, as long as the blind are forced to overcome inequality and misunderstanding to enjoy the rights and responsibilities of this nation, we will be back again.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>While American society continues to hold us back with artificial barriers, the blind continue to push back with hope and determination to overcome those obstacles and live the lives we want. While our nation’s leaders speak of building back better, the blind respond with the chant “build back better with the blind.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>While our nation has enjoyed many achievements, one of them has not been eliminating the systemic discrimination, low expectations, and harmful barriers that actively hold us back from building with the rest of America. There is a deep need and great opportunity to build back better with the blind. We are tired of being told that once it is built someone will make accommodations to include the blind. We are tired of being apologized to because our nation’s leaders just did not think about us. We are tired of fighting for the basic protections, benefits, freedoms, and quality of life that many Americans enjoy without struggle or waiting for the second, third, or fourteenth phase of implementation.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>But though we are tired, we have not been broken. We come to this Washington Seminar ready to build back America better than ever, because the blind intend to be part of the solution. The blind are committed to meeting our responsibilities in this nation to build communities that are equitable and inclusive, as long as they do not leave us behind. The blind are prepared to dedicate our energy and imagination to the innovative capacity of this nation. The blind seek to contribute to the American economy through meaningful work and to provide leadership in local communities through our volunteer service. The blind also expect the protection of our equal rights under law.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>In order to fulfill these commitments, America must build back better with the blind. We come with solutions to some of the pressing problems we face, and we demand action over nice words.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Nonvisual technologies are required to give blind people meaningful access to information in the digital age. While some technologies include a measure of built-in accessibility features, frequently the most effective accessibility tools require the blind to pay a premium above the cost charged to the average non-blind user. We do not seek for the government to supply all of this technology. We do seek a limited refundable tax credit when blind people utilize their own financial resources to acquire the technology needed to access the tremendous resources and capacities available through digital interfaces. We have crafted our proposal, and it has support from both political parties. The Access Technology Affordability Act will allow blind people to improve our participation in building America through employment, education, civic engagement, and commerce. Will this be the year America commits to increasing our participation by passing the ATAA? We say yes, and we demand that America build back better with the blind.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Access to technology is not simply a luxury. Americans continue to benefit from increased telehealth options and innovative in-home medical devices that allow convenient monitoring and management of personal health. These devices also assist parents and other caregivers in supporting their loved ones. That is unless you are a blind American today. The vast majority of these critical medical devices do not include the proven features that facilitate independent nonvisual access. Improving the health of all Americans is essential to a better America. Yet the law does not require in-home medical devices to be accessible to the blind. We will not compromise our health. The time has come for the medical device industry to offer equal access to the blind or to have the government pull the plug on their ability to profit from their discrimination against us. The Medical Device Nonvisual Accessibility Act calls on the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to promulgate nonvisual accessibility standards for Class II and Class III medical devices to require that all of these devices be accessible to the blind. A healthy America must include all of us, and we demand that America build medical devices better with the blind.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Even if we have accessible technologies in our homes and offices, many other related artificial barriers exist. The COVID-19 Pandemic has dramatically highlighted the inequality that exists with nonvisual access to websites and applications. This is a concern that the blind have been raising for more than twenty-five years. We were hopeful that the United States Department of Justice would establish regulations to support our work in the courts to make it clear that the protections of existing accessibility laws extend to the digital environment, but the government continues to physically distance from action on this issue. Meanwhile the expansion of inaccessible websites and applications has been exponential. There are those who say we should not take our concern to Congress because our elected leaders may use this as an opportunity to water down our existing rights under the law. By whom were they elected anyway? The members of the Federation say we are not afraid. We have come to Congress to ask America to build twenty-first century websites and applications better with the blind. Every blind person experiences these barriers any day that they attempt to access critical websites and applications. We are going to educate Congress about this every day until we gain the support we deserve. We will not wait any longer. We expect America to build back better with the blind.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Our nation is experiencing a historical shift in pay for American workers. With wages heading upward in many sectors of the economy, the potential to build back better is giving some Americans a lot of hope. Yet what is the expectation for people with disabilities? We continue to be held down by the crushing history of the Fair Labor Standards Act which, even in 2022, endorses the payment of pennies per hour to people with disabilities. We no longer believe that America can be built back better as long as people with disabilities are granted only second class status under the law. 2022 is the year to build back better with the blind and other workers with disabilities by enacting the Transformation to Competitive Integrated Employment Act. We commend those government and private agencies who have done their part to build America without the use of the 14(c) provisions of the FLSA, but much more must be done, and we demand it be accomplished in the Second Session of the 117th Congress.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>These are only some of our priorities. As the government continues to invest in building back America and protecting its people from the coronavirus, we say build back better with the blind. The government has failed to provide any nonvisual access in its initial distribution of COVID-19 at-home testing kits. However, thanks to the National Federation of the Blind, future efforts will be built <em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif'>with</span></em> the blind.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>From government to commerce, in work and in play, the blind seek to benefit and participate in this nation on terms of equality. When America commits to building back better with the blind, all of its people will be better. This is the petition we make to our elected officials this week. This is the hopeful future we intend to build. This is the determination of the organized blind movement. This is the significance of the Washington Seminar.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=make-a-difference><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Make a Difference <o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Blind children, students, and adults are making powerful strides in education and leadership every day across the United States. For more than eighty years, the National Federation of the Blind has worked to transform the dreams of hundreds of thousands of blind people into reality. With support from individuals like you, we continue to provide powerful programs and critical resources for decades to come. We sincerely hope you will plan to be a part of our enduring movement by including the National Federation of the Blind in your charitable giving and in your estate planning. It is easier than you think.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>With your help, the NFB will continue to:<o:p></o:p></span></p><ul style='margin-top:0in' type=disc><li style='color:#1A1A1A;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif'>Give blind children the gift of literacy through Braille.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li style='color:#1A1A1A;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif'>Promote independent travel by providing free, long white canes to blind people in need.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li style='color:#1A1A1A;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif'>Develop dynamic educational projects and programs to show blind youth that science and math careers are within their reach.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li style='color:#1A1A1A;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif'>Deliver hundreds of accessible newspapers and magazines to provide blind people the essential information necessary to be actively involved in their communities.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li style='color:#1A1A1A;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif'>Offer aids and appliances that help seniors losing vision maintain their independence.<o:p></o:p></span></li></ul><h3 id=plan-to-leave-a-legacy><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Plan to Leave a Legacy<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The National Federation of the Blind legacy society, our Dream Makers Circle, honors and recognizes the generosity and vision of members and special friends of the National Federation of the Blind who have chosen to leave a legacy through a will or other planned giving option. You can join the Dream Makers Circle in a myriad of ways.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=fixed-sum-of-assets><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Fixed Sum of Assets<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>You can specify that a fixed sum of your assets or property goes to the National Federation of the Blind in your will, trust, pension, IRA, life insurance policy, brokerage account, or other accounts.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=percentage-of-assets><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Percentage of Assets<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>You can specify that a percentage of your assets or property goes to the National Federation of the Blind in your will, trust, pension, IRA, life insurance policy, brokerage account, or other accounts.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=payable-on-death-pod-account><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Payable on Death (POD) Account<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>You can name the National Federation of the Blind as the beneficiary on a Payable on Death (POD) account through your bank. You can turn any checking or savings account into a POD account. This is one of the simplest ways to leave a legacy. The account is totally in your control during your lifetime and you can change the beneficiary or percentage at any time with ease.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=will-or-trust><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Will or Trust<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>If you do decide to create or revise your will, consider the National Federation of the Blind as a partial beneficiary.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Visit our Planned Giving webpage (<a href="https://www.nfb.org/get-involved/ways-give/planned-giving">https://www.nfb.org/get-involved/ways-give/planned-giving</a>) or call 410-659-9314, extension 2422, for more information.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Together with love, hope, determination, and your support, we will continue to transform dreams into reality.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=ways-to-contribute-now><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Ways to Contribute Now <o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Throughout 2021, the NFB:<o:p></o:p></span></p><ul style='margin-top:0in' type=disc><li style='color:#1A1A1A;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif'>Sent nearly one thousand Braille Santa and Winter Celebration letters to blind children, encouraging excitement for Braille literacy.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li style='color:#1A1A1A;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif'>Distributed over five thousand canes to blind people across the United States, empowering them to travel safely and independently throughout their communities.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li style='color:#1A1A1A;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif'>Delivered audio newspaper and magazine services to 126,823 subscribers, providing free access to over five hundred local, national, and international publications.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li style='color:#1A1A1A;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif'>Gave over six hundred Braille-writing slates and styluses free of charge to blind users.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li style='color:#1A1A1A;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif'>Mentored 232 blind youth during our Braille Enrichment for Literacy and Learning® Academy in-home editions.<o:p></o:p></span></li></ul><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Just imagine what we’ll do next year and, with your help, what can be accomplished for years to come. Below are just a few of the many diverse, tax-deductible ways you can lend your support to the National Federation of the Blind.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=vehicle-donation-program><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Vehicle Donation Program<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The NFB accepts donated vehicles, including cars, trucks, boats, motorcycles, or recreational vehicles. Just call 855-659-9314 toll-free, and a representative can make arrangements to pick up your donation. We can also answer any questions you have.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=general-donation><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>General Donation<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>General donations help support the ongoing programs of the NFB and the work to help blind people live the lives they want. You can call 410-659-9314 and elect option 4 to donate by phone. Donate online with a credit card or through the mail with check or money order. Visit our Ways to Give webpage (<a href="https://www.nfb.org/get-involved/ways-give">https://www.nfb.org/get-involved/ways-give</a>) for more information. <o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=pre-authorized-contribution><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Pre-Authorized Contribution<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Through the Pre-Authorized Contribution (PAC) program, supporters sustain the efforts of the National Federation of the Blind by making recurring monthly donations by direct withdrawal of funds from a checking account or a charge to a credit card. To enroll, call 410-659-9314, extension 2213, or fill out our PAC Donation Form (<a href="https://www.nfb.org/pac">https://www.nfb.org/pac</a>) online.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>If you have questions about giving, please send an email to <a href="mailto:outreach@nfb.org">outreach@nfb.org</a> or call 410-659-9314, extension 2422.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=access-technology-affordability-act-h.r.-431s.-212><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Access Technology Affordability Act (H.R. 431/S. 212)<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Issue–The cost of critically needed access technology is out of reach for most blind Americans.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The high cost of access technology creates a difficult economic reality.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Most access technology ranges from $1,000 to $6,000. For example, a leading screen reader is $900, a popular Braille notetaker is $5,495, one model of a refreshable Braille display is $2,795, and a moderately priced Braille embosser is $3,695. According to the United States Census Bureau 69.1 percent of blind Americans are either unemployed or underemployed. Consequently, most blind Americans do not have sufficient financial resources needed to purchase these items. These financial barriers can ultimately lead to a loss of employment, insufficient education, or even isolation from community activities.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Medical insurance will not cover the cost of access technology.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Current definitions of "medical care," "medical necessity," and "durable medical equipment" within common insurance policies do not include access technology. These definitions were adopted in the 1960s “when medical care was viewed primarily as curative and palliative, with little or no consideration given to increasing an individual's functional status.” [National Council on Disability] Many states’ Medicaid programs and individual health insurance plans have adopted similar definitions and likewise will not cover the cost of access technology.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Access technology enables blind Americans to participate in today’s workforce.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Blindness is well-defined and measurable but affects each person differently and at different ages. Since individuals’ needs differ, manufacturers have designed various tools that enable blind Americans to perform tasks that they were once unable to accomplish themselves due to their blindness. Braille notetakers are frequently used in schools, screen-reading software allows workers to check their email at home, and screen-magnification software can help seniors losing vision learn about community activities. Access technology equips blind Americans to seek employment and stay employed. For the 69.1 percent of blind Americans who are either unemployed or underemployed, it is a vehicle that facilitates the job-seeking process. Despite this critical need, public and private entities struggle to meet consumer demand. This leads to untimely delays in the delivery of necessary technology and ultimately harms the blind consumer.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=solutionaccess-technology-affordability-act-h.r.-431s.-212><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Solution–Access Technology Affordability Act (H.R. 431/S. 212):<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Makes access technology more affordable so that blind Americans can procure these items for themselves.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> It establishes a refundable tax credit for blind Americans in the amount of $2,000 to be used over a three-year period to offset the cost of access technology. The credit created by the Access Technology Affordability Act will sunset after five years and will be indexed for inflation.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Provides flexibility for individuals to obtain access technology based upon their specific needs.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Accessibility requires an individualized assessment of one’s own skills and needs. Therefore, blind Americans should be given the opportunity to procure access technology on their own to ensure that they are receiving the tools that are most useful for them.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Will increase federal income tax revenue.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> More blind Americans working means more people paying taxes. It also means that those blind Americans who obtain gainful employment through this tax credit will no longer need to draw from federal programs such as Supplemental Security Income or Social Security Disability Insurance and will instead be paying into the Social Security Program.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>GOAL–IMPROVE AFFORDABILITY OF CRITICALLY NEEDED ACCESS TECHNOLOGY NECESSARY FOR EMPLOYMENT AND INDEPENDENT LIVING.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Cosponsor the Access Technology Affordability Act (ATAA).<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>To cosponsor the ATAA in the House of Representatives (H.R. 431), contact:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Crozer Connor, Senior Legislative Assistant for Congressman Mike Thompson (D-CA)<br>Phone: 202-225-3311, Email: <u>crozer.connor@mail.house.gov</u><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>To cosponsor the ATAA in the Senate (S. 212), contact:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Ron Storhaug, Legislative Aide for Senator Ben Cardin (D-MD)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Phone: 202-224-4524, Email: <a href="mailto:Ryan_Losak@boozman.senate.gov">Ron_Storhaug@sbc.senate.gov</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>For more information, contact:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Jeff Kaloc, Government Affairs Specialist, National Federation of the Blind<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Phone: 410-659-9314, extension 2206, Email: <a href="mailto:jkaloc@nfb.org">jkaloc@nfb.org</a>, or visit <a href="http://www.nfb.org">www.nfb.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=medical-device-nonvisual-accessibility-act-h.r.-4853><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Medical Device Nonvisual Accessibility Act (H.R. 4853)<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Issue–Inaccessible digital interfaces prevent blind individuals from independently and safely operating medical devices that are essential to their daily healthcare needs.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Medical devices with a digital interface are becoming more prevalent and less accessible for blind Americans.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> The rapid proliferation of advanced technology is undeniable. Most new models of medical devices, such as glucose and blood pressure monitors, along with the emergence of in-home devices that offer medical care options, such as chemotherapy treatments and dialysis, require consumers to interact with a digital display or other interfaces. This new technology has been and continues to be developed and deployed without nonvisual accessibility as an integral part of the design phase, which creates a modern-day barrier. The inaccessibility of these medical devices is not a mere inconvenience; if accessibility for blind consumers is omitted from the medical technology landscape, the health, safety, and independence of blind Americans will be in imminent danger.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Telehealth currently makes up 20 percent of all medical visits, and more healthcare providers are looking to expand telemedicine services.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Unfortunately, these visits assume that a person has easy access to accessible medical devices in order to take their own vitals. As a result of inaccessibility, blind and low-vision Americans are at a distinct disadvantage when it comes to receiving the same virtual healthcare as their sighted counterparts.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Nonvisual access is achievable, as demonstrated by a number of mainstream products.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Apple has incorporated VoiceOver (a text-to-speech function) into all of their products, making iPhones, Macbooks and Mac desktops, and iPads fully accessible to blind people right out of the box. Virtually all ATMs manufactured in the United States are accessible, and every polling place is required to have a nonvisually accessible voting machine. Frequently, a simple audio output or vibrotactile feature can make a product accessible at little to no additional cost for manufacturers.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Current disability laws are not able to keep up with advancements due to the expeditious evolution of medical technology and its incorporation into medical devices.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Although the Americans with Disabilities Act and other laws require physical accessibility for people with disabilities (e.g., wheelchair ramps, Braille in public buildings), no laws protect the blind consumer’s right to access medical devices. The National Council on Disability concluded that accessibility standards lag behind the rapid pace of technology, which can interfere with technology access. This trend of inaccessibility will continue if accessibility solutions are ignored. Only a fraction of medical device manufacturers have incorporated nonvisual access standards into their product design, while others continue to resist these solutions.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=solutionmedical-device-nonvisual-accessibility-act-h.r.-4853><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Solution–Medical Device Nonvisual Accessibility Act (H.R. 4853):<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Calls on the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to promulgate nonvisual accessibility standards for Class II and Class III medical devices.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> The FDA will consult with stakeholders with disabilities and manufacturers and issue a notice of proposed rulemaking no later than twelve months after the date of enactment of the Act. No later than twenty-four months after the date of enactment of the Act, the FDA will publish the final rule including the nonvisual accessibility standards.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Requires manufacturers of Class II and Class III medical devices to make their products nonvisually accessible.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Manufacturers will have twelve months following the publication of the final rule to ensure that all of the Class II and Class III medical devices they produce are nonvisually accessible.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Authorizes the FDA to enforce the nonvisual access standards for Class II and Class III medical devices.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Any manufactured device found to be out of compliance, whether by a public complaint to the FDA or by an independent FDA investigation, will be considered an adulterated product under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>GOAL–END UNEQUAL ACCESS TO MEDICAL DEVICES FOR BLIND AMERICANS.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Cosponsor the Medical Device Nonvisual Accessibility Act (H.R. 4853)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>To cosponsor H.R. 4853 contact:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Gidget Benitez, Health Policy Counsel, Rep. Jan Schakowsky (D-IL-09), Phone: 202-225-2111, Email: <a href="mailto:gidget.benitez@mail.house.gov">gidget.benitez@mail.house.gov</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>For more information, contact:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Jesa Medders, National Federation of the Blind, Phone: 410-659-9314, extension 2207<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Email: <a href="mailto:jmedders@nfb.org">jmedders@nfb.org</a><u><br></u><a href="http://www.nfb.org/">www.nfb.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=twenty-first-century-websites-applications-accessibility-act><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Twenty-First Century Websites & Applications Accessibility Act<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Issue–Websites are required by law to be accessible, but without implementing regulations, most businesses and retailers have little understanding of what accessible means.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Websites and mobile applications are an essential part of modern living.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> More than 313 million Americans use the internet, and 81 percent of Americans say that they access the internet at least once each day. The need to access websites and mobile applications doesn’t stop when it reaches Americans with disabilities. According to the American Community Survey, conducted by the United States Census Bureau, there are approximately forty million Americans who currently have a disability. Based on the numbers above, it is more than reasonable to assume that the vast majority of them are trying to use websites and mobile applications.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The Department of Justice announced its intention to publish accessible website regulations more than a decade ago.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> On July 26, 2010, the twentieth anniversary of the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), the government published an advance notice of proposed rulemaking to address website accessibility. After that initial announcement, no further action was taken to substantially advance website accessibility. Without regulations in place, blind and disabled Americans are not reliably able to electronically access businesses, apply for jobs, and work at places due to the barriers created by inaccessible websites and mobile applications.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The past few years have seen a significant increase in the prevalence of so-called “click-by” lawsuits.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Accessibility is readily achievable, but many businesses that are required by law to make their websites accessible claim to have no clear-cut definition of what “accessible” actually means. Meanwhile, people with disabilities must cope with inaccessible websites. ADA Title III lawsuits, which include website accessibility suits, hit record numbers in 2019, topping 11,000 for the first time. The number of lawsuits has been increasing steadily since 2013, when the figure was first tracked. Businesses yearn for a clear definition of accessibility standards and to be able to expand their potential customer pool to consumers they were not reaching before.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=solutiontwenty-first-century-websites-applications-accessibility-act-will><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Solution–Twenty-First Century Websites & Applications Accessibility Act will:<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Direct the US Access Board to promulgate accessibility guidelines.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> The US Access Board will have six months following the enactment of the legislation to issue a notice of proposed rulemaking regarding website and mobile application accessibility, then an additional six months to issue the final rule.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Promulgate guidelines that strive to harmonize with Section 508 standards.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> The Section 508 standards promulgated by the US Access Board on January 18, 2017, are established regulations for website and technology accessibility. Therefore, the guidelines promulgated by the Access Board should harmonize with these standards.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Authorize the Department of Justice and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to investigate the accessibility of websites and mobile applications.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Either of its own volition or via a logged complaint pertaining to inaccessibility, the Department of Justice and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission will have the authority to investigate accessibility concerns and commence civil action if necessary.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>GOAL–END WEBSITE AND MOBILE APPLICATION INACCESSIBILITY FOR BLIND AMERICANS.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Cosponsor the Twenty-First Century Websites & Applications Accessibility Act when introduced.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>For more information, contact:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Jeff Kaloc, Government Affairs Specialist, National Federation of the Blind Phone: 410-659-9314, extension 2206<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Email: <a href="mailto:jkaloc@nfb.org">jkaloc@nfb.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><a href="http://www.nfb.org">www.nfb.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=transformation-to-competitive-integrated-employment-act-h.r.-2373s.-3238><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Transformation To Competitive Integrated Employment Act (H.R. 2373/S. 3238)<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Promote competitive, integrated employment for people with disabilities.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Section 14(c) of the Fair Labor Standards Act allows employers to discriminate against people with disabilities.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Passed in 1938, Section 14(c) authorizes employers to pay workers with disabilities subminimum wages while they perform mundane tasks that do not transfer into skills necessary to transition to other employment options. This law only reinforces stigmatic misconceptions of people with disabilities and creates an artificial barrier to future employment opportunities.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The misconception that the elimination of 14(c) will displace workers with disabilities is based on speculation and rhetoric.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> A growing number of employers have already stopped relying on Section 14(c) and have voluntarily withdrawn their certificates. In 2011 420,000 people with disabilities were paid subminimum wages under the 14(c) program. Today, only 39,386 people with disabilities continue to receive subminimum wages. During that same time period (2011-2017), the employment rate for people with disabilities has steadily increased every year from 33.4 percent to 37.3 percent. Additionally, ten states have passed legislation limiting or barring the payment of subminimum wages for people with disabilities.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Bipartisan consensus supports the phase out of Section 14(c).</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> The Republican and Democratic parties’ 2016 platforms both called for an end to subminimum wages for people with disabilities. In 2016 a committee tasked by Congress to increase employment opportunities for people with disabilities also recommended the phase-out of Section 14(c). In addition, in an October 2018 report, the National Council on Disability, an independent federal agency charged with advising Congress, recommended “the phase out of Section 14(c).” Furthermore, in September 2020, the US Commission on Civil Rights recommended that “Congress should repeal Section 14(c) with a planned phase-out period to allow transition among service providers and people with disabilities to alternative service models prioritizing competitive integrated employment.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=the-transformation-to-competitive-integrated-employment-act-h.r.-2373s.-3238><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The Transformation to Competitive Integrated Employment Act (H.R. 2373/S. 3238):<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Discontinues the issuance of new Special Wage Certificates.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> The Secretary of Labor will no longer issue Special Wage Certificates to new applicants.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Creates a grant program for states and individual 14(c) certificate holders to assist with their transition to competitive, integrated employment.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> This grant program will be available to all states and individual 14(c) certificate holders who transition their business models to support competitive, integrated employment for people with disabilities. States that receive grants must establish an advisory committee that includes employers, organizations specializing in employment for people with disabilities, Medicaid agencies, AbilityOne contractors, people with disabilities, and vocational rehabilitation agencies.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Creates a technical assistance center to support all 14(c) holders in their transition to competitive integrated employment.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Under the Department of Labor, the technical assistance center will disseminate information about best practices to facilitate transition of entities to competitive, integrated employment.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Requires reporting and evaluation of the progress of creating and expanding support for workers with disabilities.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> States and 14(c) certificate holders will be required to report on their grant activities, evaluate changes in employment for people with disabilities, report average wage information, and evaluate employer actions taken to comply with the phase out of 14(c).<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Sunsets Section 14(c) of the Fair Labor Standards Act.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Five years after enactment of the TCIEA, employers will no longer be permitted to pay workers with disabilities subminimum wages.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>REMOVE ARTIFICIAL BARRIERS TO EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Cosponsor the Transformation to Competitive Integrated Employment Act<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>To cosponsor H.R. 2373 in the House of Representatives, contact:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Phoebe Ball, Disability Counsel, House Committee on Education and Labor, Phone: 202-225-3725, Email: <a href="mailto:phoebe.ball@mail.house.gov">phoebe.ball@mail.house.gov</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>or<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Kristin Flukey, Senior Legislative Assistant for Representative Cathy McMorris Rodgers (R-WA)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Phone: 202-225-2006, Email: <a href="mailto:kristin.flukey@mail.house.gov">kristin.flukey@mail.house.gov</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>To cosponsor S. 3238 in the Senate, contact:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Michael Gamel-McCormick, Disability Policy Director, Senate Special Committee on Aging, Phone: 202-224-4193, Email: <a href="mailto:Michael_Gamel-McCormick@aging.senate.gov">Michael_Gamel-McCormick@aging.senate.gov</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>For more information on the Transformation to Competitive Integrated Employment Act, contact:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Jeff Kaloc, Government Affairs Specialist, National Federation of the Blind<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Phone: 410-659-9314, extension 2206, Email: <a href="mailto:jkaloc@nfb.org">jkaloc@nfb.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>[PHOTO CAPTION: James Gashel]<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=the-movement-at-work-federationists-march-on-washington><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The Movement at Work: Federationists March on Washington<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by James Gashel</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>From the Editor: I thought readers might like to see what our legislative agenda and issues were forty years ago and contrast them with what we are doing today. Some issues highlighted here have seen significant progress because of our work. Other issues demonstrate the same old problems but with a different focus. But through it all there is a consistency of purpose that we see again and again: This is the same Federation we have always known, and this is a Federation that evolves and remains the most effective vehicle for the blind to express ourselves today. Our message goes to DC whether we call it the March on Washington, as we did then, or the Washington Seminar, as we do now. Here is what Mr. Gashel said in the </span></strong><em><b><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Braille Monitor</span></b></em><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> in April of 1982 and the legislative agenda that followed:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The March on Washington is becoming an annual tradition in our movement. Each year new states join the ranks of those sending representatives to walk the halls of Congress and talk about the national issues of special concern to the blind. The first of these marches was held back in the fall of 1973, at the height of such historic events as Watergate, when we gathered to tell Congress about how the federal government was harming blind people by spending our tax dollars on annual grants to the National Accreditation Council for Agencies Serving the Blind and Visually Handicapped (NAC). Congress listened to us, and the rest—NAC's loss of federal support, along with a steady decline ever since—is history.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>In the years since 1973, we have had many great marches. While the specific issues vary from time to time, the theme (that blind people want independence and first-class status) is always the same. Carrying this message to Congress from local communities throughout our land is vital to the work and continued success of our movement, legislatively and otherwise. A measure of our effectiveness in this effort is the fact that members who have served in Congress for the past several years are now well aware of our principal legislative goals. We know this by the encouraging patterns of their responses and their willingness to help in a variety of ways.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>During this particular march, we focused on six major areas of concern. These will be presented later in detail. Our headquarters’ hotel was the Holiday Inn Capitol, located only a few blocks west of the three office buildings used by the members of the House of Representatives. This proved to be a superb facility and an ideal location. Our work began as we assembled for initial briefings on Sunday, January 31. Dr. Jernigan conducted the opening session, giving us an update on recent events affecting our movement throughout the country and laying out the challenge for the work to be done on Capitol Hill. Plans were also made for anyone to visit the National Center in Baltimore.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Then, on Monday, February 1, as the Second Session of the 97th Congress entered its second week of business, Federationists went in teams and individually to explain the status of the blind in America today and to present our agenda for legislative action. After each meeting a report was filed with a hardworking team assigned to coordinate all appointments and to assemble the results. A bank of four telephones plus Federation-owned radio communications equipment made for easy contact between Capitol Hill and our Holiday Inn command post.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>This was a professional operation through and through, showing the benefits of several years of experience and organizational skills. In all, there were more than 200 of us participating. Thirty states sent representatives; many more than one. The NFB of Pennsylvania chartered a bus to bring in Federationists for Tuesday, February 2. These people joined other Pennsylvanians on hand in Washington throughout the entire march.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Among the highlights were meetings with both Administration and Congressional leaders. In a meeting with members of the White House staff, we described how current laws and federal programs are failing to fulfill their intended objectives, keeping most blind people outside the workforce and largely unassisted in any meaningful way. We explained our position that many of the rehabilitation agencies (public as well as private) need to undergo extensive reform. But, we also pointed out that the President's programs have so far not stimulated the kind of reform necessary. Then, we met with Congressional leaders, including House Speaker Thomas P. (Tip) O'Neill, Senator Edward Kennedy, and Senator Howard Metzenbaum. These gentlemen share political views quite different from those of the Administration. There was a meeting with Senator Strom Thurmond, Chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee. His committee handles the voting rights issues which will be discussed later. Meanwhile, on the House side of the Capitol other state delegations were meeting with influential committee and subcommittee chairpersons such as Carl Perkins and William Natcher. Together, Mr. Perkins and Mr. Natcher have the principal responsibility for all legislation and distribution of federal funds relating to programs of greatest importance to the blind of this country. When the final reports were in, we had visited every Congressional office.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>And by all accounts, our meetings were constructive. For one thing, there is a marked increase in the number of House and Senate cosponsors for the bills of principal interest to us. Also, we made great progress in the Senate, when on February 3, as the finale to our march, Senator Paul Tsongas introduced a bill to prevent paying blind and visually impaired workers less than the minimum wage. Senator Tsongas is a member of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, the Committee in the Senate having jurisdiction over all bills, such as this one, relating to labor standards. In offering this bill, S. 2056, Senator Tsongas said:<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=congressional-record-senate><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>February 3, 1982<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Fair Wages for Blind Workers<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Mr. Tsongas. Mr. President, today I am joining with Senators Levin and Chiles to introduce legislation that would bar sub-standard wages for blind workers. It would amend the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 to provide that blind persons may not be employed at less than the applicable minimum wage.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Currently the law allows blind workers to be paid at a rate that can be as low as 25 percent of the Federal minimum wage. In sheltered workshops, which employ one out of every seven blind workers, a sub-minimum wage is the norm. Half of these workers are paid less than $1,500 a year.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>A few sheltered workshops across the country have shown that fair pay is practical. There are twenty workshops with more than 5,000 sightless employees that pay the minimum wage. They produce a variety of products for healthy profits, and they do it without taking economic advantage of the workers.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>By contrast, the others use the law to make enormous profits. They are practicing economic discrimination against their blind employees.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Some people are concerned that closing this loophole would adversely affect other benefits—Supplemental Security Income and Social Security Disability Insurance. This is unfounded. A blind person can earn above the minimum wage before SSI benefits are reduced.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Although the SSDI rules are not as flexible, a blind worker can earn $5,500 before those benefits are affected. This is much higher than the average subminimum salary under the present law.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Current law is unjust and patronizing the blind workers. It is an affront to the thousands of sightless workers who overcome major barriers to gainful employment. Often they are placed in positions beneath their skills, with little if any hope for advancement.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Mr. President, our blind citizens have many skills to contribute to America's economic strength. They have every right to demand fair compensation for productive efforts . . . every right except the legal right. This legislation, which is strongly supported by the National Federation of the Blind, will finally give these workers the right to a decent wage. I urge my colleagues to join in ending this chronic injustice."<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>To those words, we can only say Amen! Yes, our voice is being heard in communities around this country and on Capitol Hill, today. Reprinted below are the position papers we are currently using in the 97th Congress. These should be read and understood by every Federationist. Then, each of us should actively join the effort to inform our Senators and Representatives whenever we can arrange to see them. The March on Washington is not simply a one-time event or even a once-a-year observance. It is part of a total effort, and it is helping to keep our movement on the move.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=legislative-memorandum><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>LEGISLATIVE MEMORANDUM<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>FROM: Members of the National Federation of the Blind<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>TO: Members of the Ninety-Seventh Congress, Second Session<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>RE: The blind: An agenda for legislative action<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Background:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Nearly one-half million people in the United States are blind; we do not see, or we do not see very well, but for most of us the lack of eyesight has not been the principal obstacle. As much as any other group of citizens, we want to shoulder our share of the burden by contributing to the growth of our nation's economy, and most of us have the capacity (not merely the desire) to do this; several thousand of us are already at work and proving ourselves every day.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The rest of us have been sidetracked, and as the economic times grow harder, our prospects for an equal chance to be part of the productive life of our communities continue to diminish. The best statistics we can gather show that only about 30,000 blind people have jobs which pay them more than $500 per month, just enough to lose all of their Social Security benefits but hardly enough to live on. Most blind people are not able to find work, but when they do, they may often be channeled into jobs far beneath their skills and potential, such as working at below poverty-level wages in sheltered workshops. Few blind people own their own businesses. About 4,000 participate in a special government-sponsored program, providing opportunities for them to manage vending facilities on federal and other property.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Most blind people have only their Social Security or Supplemental Security Income checks to meet regular daily living expenses, yet many could be self-sufficient and productive if given the opportunity to do so. Social attitudes about blindness are our greatest obstacle. The National Federation of the Blind is working to alter these conditions, principally by means of educating the public to new ways of thinking. Yet, these educational efforts need a framework of laws and related legislative actions in order to move blind people from the historic status of isolation into the mainstream of our social and economic life. A legislative agenda (described below) has been forged to accomplish this. Comprehensive "fact sheets" on each item are also attached. Our proposals address problems identified by the blind with workable legislative solutions, and in each case, federal legislation represents the most viable option available.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>(1) Congress should amend the Wagner-O'Day Act of 1938 to strengthen management and accountability in the distribution of federal contracts to sheltered workshops. This proposal seeks improved administrative mechanisms for allocating noncompetitive government contracts to sheltered workshops. Under current law, a Presidentially-appointed "Committee for Purchase from the Blind and Other Severely Handicapped" oversees government contracting with sheltered workshops. The Committee has given National Industries for the Blind (NIB) responsibility for allocating these contracts to workshops employing the blind, and NIB (purportedly nonprofit) receives a commission on each contract. NIB opposes guaranteeing minimum wage for blind workers and their right to labor union representation, using money raised from sales to the government to underwrite campaigns against these policy changes. According to the General Accounting Office, in a recent report to Congress, NIB's spending of such money acquired from government sales cannot be controlled through the normal appropriations process. Thorough Congressional oversight, leading toward legislative reform, is needed.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>(2) Congress should amend the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) of 1938 to prohibit paying blind workers less than minimum wage. This proposal seeks wage protection for low-income blind workers and asks for nothing more than the wage guarantee which the FLSA extends to employees who are not blind. FLSA allows wages as low as 25% of the federal minimum, but all studies agree that there are numerous uncontrolled violations.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>(3) Congress should amend Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to prohibit employment discrimination based on blindness or physical disability. This proposal seeks to expand employment opportunities for the blind through a federal prohibition against employment discrimination based on prejudice or misconception. Despite all of the efforts we are making to change public attitudes, the image of the helpless, dependent blind person is still widespread in our culture. This has resulted in limiting substantially our opportunities for competitive employment, and laws must be enacted to prevent these unjustified restrictions. In some states, the laws which prohibit employment discrimination against women and minorities have been amended to include protection for disabled persons, and the results have shown that public policy against discrimination on the basis of handicap can expand employment possibilities while reducing the burden on our welfare system. The federal legislation in this area is limited, and court rulings have largely eroded Congressional intent. This is why Congress must act to insure equal employment opportunities for blind and handicapped persons.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>(4) Congress should amend Title II of the Social Security Act to remove employment disincentives from the conditions of eligibility for blind persons to receive disability insurance. This proposal seeks to eliminate a substantial economic barrier (the $500 per month earnings limitation) placed on blind persons receiving Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) checks. The concept of Social Security replacing income lost because of a disability such as blindness has merit. Its shortcoming, however, is the arbitrary limitation imposed on income derived from earnings. This denies a hand up to those who want to achieve self-sufficiency again, stifling the initiative of thousands of potentially productive blind citizens. A legislative solution, calling for specific changes in Title II of the Social Security Act, has enjoyed bi-partisan support in past Congresses and several amendments to provide more work incentives for the blind have actually become law; the most recent of these being part of the 1977 Social Security amendments. Federal law should not continue to discourage the blind from becoming self-supporting, tax-paying citizens, and the Social Security Act must be amended accordingly.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>(5) Congress should provide adequate appropriations under Title III of the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act to allow continued federal support for Job Opportunities for the Blind. This proposal seeks more and better employment prospects for the blind through a targeted job information and referral service, known as Job Opportunities for the Blind (JOB). JOB is funded through a contract with the United States Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration. The program offers an especially important service to blind people by identifying employment opportunities and working with employers to provide accurate information about the employment skills of qualified blind people. JOB's objectives are consistent with our nation's current need for economic recovery, since every blind person who becomes productive is one less individual requiring financial assistance at public expense. Each member of Congress and each staff member should know about and support with pride the work of JOB. Blind constituents who require this service should be informed of its existence and may be referred for help from JOB as long as the program continues to operate.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>(6) Congress should amend the Voting Rights Act of 1965 to assure that each blind person registered to vote will have the right to cast a vote in private with the aid of a personal assistant freely chosen by the blind voter. This proposal seeks nationwide observance of a fair and dignified voting procedure for the blind and will thus encourage greater participation by the blind in our democratic electoral process. Many states and political subdivisions have already enacted laws which allow blind persons to vote with the aid of personally chosen sighted assistants, but in other jurisdictions this right is limited. For example, some states require the assistant to be a "relative" of the blind voter, and some even add the qualification that the assistant be a "friend." In some instances, state laws suggest that a spouse must accompany the blind voter, or if the voter has no spouse available, two election officials (who may be unknown to the voter) must help in casting the ballot. Thus, the laws are vague and inconsistent. In addition, their requirements are inconsistently applied, even where they are specific. A federal solution is available by amending the Voting Rights Act of 1965 during the current Congressional action to extend certain expiring provisions of that Act. Moreover, because of the language of a House-passed amendment, which introduces into the Voting Rights Act the subject of voter assistance, it is imperative that clarifying language be added in order to preserve and protect the voting assistance rights of the blind.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Blind people are asking for your help in gathering support for legislation in the areas here outlined. Bills to achieve our objectives have been introduced in the 97th Congress, and cosponsors are actively being sought. Many priorities confront this session of Congress, but none is more important than putting America back to work again. The blind must not be overlooked in fashioning the best possible legislative program to do the job.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=an-apology-to-our-readers><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>An Apology to Our Readers<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>In the January 2022 issue we ran two articles concerning the trend of people describing themselves in meetings and presentations. One article begins with what we thought were silly, hyperbolic examples about the ways in which some people have attended Zoom meetings in which they clearly did not intend video to be a part. In the description, a hypothetical trans person describes themself as being naked. In retrospect, we apologize for including this example given the harmful and unacceptable stereotype of trans people being sexually aggressive, as well as the equally harmful belief that trans people "change their gender" due to mental illness or the desire to take advantage of others. Perpetuating these stereotypes was certainly not our intent. We value all people, regardless of gender or gender expression. We made a mistake in failing to recognize how that language might affect people we care about, and for that we most sincerely apologize.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>[PHOTO CAPTION: Buddy Collier]<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=a-letter-to-myself-or-an-awkward-stage><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>A Letter to Myself or an Awkward Stage<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Buddy Collier</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>From the Editor: Buddy is a member who lives in Nevada. He is an active member of our affiliate, and in this article he expresses something we talk little about in the NFB, that being the transition from sight to blindness. Some of us have not known the experience. Others of us have been blind long enough that we see it as a stage we passed through and are now about living our lives as blind people. While reality dictates that we accept our new situation and look for the advantages to be found in it, we can’t simply offer the advice to work through the transition by keeping a stiff upper lip and a positive attitude. For most of us, feelings are not so easily manipulated, and feelings unacknowledged can lead to long-term problems and a failure to transition to something better—the realization that we are still human beings meant to thrive and not broken sighted persons. Here is what Buddy, a person not yet blind but well on the way, has to say:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>This is a letter to myself, that self that was trying to make sense of it all six years ago when the retina detached in my right eye after a cataract removal surgery. In this letter I speak to myself, the self that was going through so much trauma and pain six years ago. It is also a kind of chat with anyone who may be experiencing some degree of vision loss but who is not legally blind.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Since all of that terrible stuff happened, I have seen three of my friends suffer similar experiences. We are all sixty years of age or older.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>If I had to give it a title, I would entitle this, “My Awkward Stage.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>After eight surgeries and weeks of holding my head down—hoping that the air bubble, then the gas bubble, and then silicon oil all placed in the eye to repair the retina—after all that, I can see, and there are things that I can’t see. The vision in the right eye is gone. When it went, it was almost a relief. The scleral buckle attached to the eye caused me to see double, and that was worse than seeing with only one eye. So now, seeing with one eye through trifocals, living with glaucoma, and a forming cataract means I am frequently mindful of my vision situation. In addition there are things I can see that confuse me. I think my brain is working overtime to translate the signals it receives by making assumptions about the world that aren’t so. I am someone who lives between the sighted world and the blind world. My usable vision sets me outside the world of those who rely solely on other senses to navigate their world. My impairment makes me cautious and sometimes fearful. I love the vision that I have; I just don’t trust it completely. My vision is frequently disorienting and unreliable.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The gradual and unpredictable loss of vision lasting months or years is a life-changing process. I doubt that anyone who must live through the shock, depression, and challenges brought to them because of vision loss found it an easy thing to deal with. We might as well face it and call it what it is: it is a loss. The uncertainty which accompanies it, like grief accompanies sorrow, only adds to the miasma. Almost daily the person experiencing this loss wonders how far it is going to go. Has it stopped yet? Or, am I going to step entirely into the darkness? Perhaps this experience should be categorized as an auxiliary experience in addition to a decline in vision. One thing is for sure, though: When you are in the middle of it, you can’t tell where one ends and the other begins.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>In the beginning stages you probably appear normal to your sighted friends. When they catch evidence of your impairment in an odd moment, they may declare their surprise that it is real. Legally, you may very well be sighted. You learn that the experts can’t agree 100 percent on a definition of blindness. Kenneth Jernigan aptly explored the question of where the term </span><span dir=RTL></span><span dir=RTL></span><span lang=AR-SA dir=RTL style='font-size:15.0pt;color:#1A1A1A'><span dir=RTL></span><span dir=RTL></span>‘</span><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>blindness</span><span dir=RTL></span><span dir=RTL></span><span lang=AR-SA dir=RTL style='font-size:15.0pt;color:#1A1A1A'><span dir=RTL></span><span dir=RTL></span>’</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR></span><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR></span> might be applied in his article, "Who Are We? A Definition of Blindness." You learn there is more to vision than the physical eye and that blindness has more to do with function than with the state of the eye. You know something in you is amiss. Things are not right, and you naturally feel threatened. The eye specialists I consulted didn’t offer any direction or help when it comes to dealing with vision loss or the emotional trauma accompanying it. Their world seemed to be limited to numbers and observable conditions which they dutifully record in files. My retina specialist stated that the last surgery he conducted on my right eye had been a success. He said this in spite of the obvious fact that my eye was now completely blind. He casually added that the left eye would probably follow the same path as the right. He said that in ten or fifteen years I’ll have serious challenges with vision. His concern was so narrowly focused that he had excluded his patient.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>As an individual experiencing vision loss, you are acutely aware that fundamental changes are taking place in your body and in your life. The script of your life is being revised without your consent. You may, as I did, feel that you are trying to live life from inside a box. In the early days I had a feeling that I was physically disconnected from my environment. It was a kind of numbness. At the beginning of this journey most people with whom you will interact will be incapable of perceiving these changes happening inside you. No one but you knows how you have cobbled together a developing set of skills to navigate everyday life. Now you check the step with your toe before climbing a staircase or when you encounter a curb. Then there is how, at the grocery store checkout, you dip your card holding hand below the payment device and slowly move up to find the slot where you’ll insert the card. There’s that trick you figured out when people want to hand you a cup or return your debit card. You learned that it is easier just to extend your hand out and wait for them to push it into your fingers than to feel about in front of them, making a show of it all. You choose a side to walk on when going out with friends. Every day you wonder, "How far will this go?" You learn that your current vision is not to be completely trusted. It is like an old friend who has turned against you. Once you felt you could trust it completely. Now it randomly lies, abandoning you to figure out your next move without reliable guidance.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>So, bit by bit, you start to figure out that your fingers can help fill in some of the gaps. Are you about to graze the corner of the kitchen counter? Your fingers can tell you. How far away is that overhanging branch or cabinet door? Suddenly there are bumps and little ledges on common household items that are speaking to you in a new language. Is that my toothbrush? Feel the curve of the handle or put a rubber band around it so your fingers will know. Do you over or under reach the glass when you are pouring a liquid, making a mess? Let your fingers be the judge of distance there too. Is there a dried bit of food on the top of the kitchen counter that your eyes can’t see? Well, your fingers can find it. I have found my fingers are much more strict about cleaning counter tops than my eyes had ever been. The same goes for washing dishes.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>You would think this would be enough, but the experience is bigger than that. How about seeing things that aren’t there? In my journey I have seen many illusions. My personal favorite was the pictures of galleons decorating a restaurant wall. They looked as if they were leaving the painting and sticking out into the air.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>A word about complaining: You are going to be inclined to do a lot of complaining that first year. Because we lack an adequate vocabulary to explain our new experiences, we tend to struggle with words that can help others understand our new world. Remember that there is a limit to how much other people can focus on you. We don’t want to fatigue the patience of our friends. This may invite you to become bitter and think no one cares. Try to remember that to them understanding your situation may be like explaining something that is happening on another planet. They know you are disturbed, but they can’t see what you are seeing. And, as you are learning, what people can’t see is frequently dismissed.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>You may also seek some spiritual context in which to place all of this. At some point you have to get on with it and do the best you can with what you’ve got. I think it was at the place where I finally had cried enough and complained enough that I began my journey to acceptance. That took me about three years. Patience!<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>So, since I am a person who usually overreacts to situations, I chose to inform myself as fully as possible about blindness issues and skills. I really jumped in the deep end of the pool. This meant I decided to learn Braille, some white cane techniques, some helpful technology, and decided to talk to and listen to successful blind people in my town. If indeed the dark is coming, do I really want to wait until that moment to decide to inform myself? Being proactive is better than waiting until some overworked social worker or family member takes on your case and decides for you.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Wait a minute! What if I never need any of this? Maybe it’s just easier to have several magnifiers around the house and not go out as much as I did. Well, maybe. And that is an option. But I believe it is the lessor of two options, one of them clearly being an inferior choice. Personally, I have always enjoyed learning new things. Braille has become a hobby of mine. I don’t use it to function, but I enjoy reading and writing Braille. Shocked? Why? Some people collect spoons or thimbles, and nobody thinks that’s odd. It just so happens that my hobby may come in handy on a day when I really need it.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>What about having an identification cane when you need it? Crowded spaces can be a problem for me. I’ve already learned that falling down is no fun, and some people get mad when I bump into them. When I have that short little cane in my hand, people give me a couple inches of extra space, and I don’t feel like I’m about to slam into a stranger at any moment.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>So, I walk in the world of the sighted, and I borrow things from the world of the blind. The line between the two is blurred. You either see or you don’t, right? Sorry, it is a lot more nuanced than that. Go read Kenneth Jernigan’s article I mentioned above.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Even I, with an impairment, still harbor feelings that I haven’t fully come to terms with. But I hope to someday. I have suffered a loss of some of my visual acuity. Whether or not I experience further decline in my vision, my world has become richer for the things I have learned and the people I have befriended who teach me about living with various degrees of vision. You lose something and you gain something if you reach out and try. Now, doesn’t that sound better than sitting at home without an idea of what to do?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>[PHOTO CAPTION: Danielle McCann]<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>[PHOTO CAPTION: Chris Danielsen]<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=see-for-me-finally-were-on-the-right-track><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>See for Me: Finally, We’re on the Right Track<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Danielle McCann and Chris Danielsen</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>From the Editor: Both Danielle and Chris are members of the Communications Team and are likely well known to readers. Both are talented and articulate, so getting an article from either, not to mention both, is a real pleasure. This originally appeared in our blog on Monday, February 14, 2022, and we gladly reprint it. Here is what they say:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><em><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>See for Me</span></em><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> is a new thriller in which a young blind woman, played by blind, autistic, and nonbinary actor Skyler Davenport in their feature film debut, takes a house-sitting job in an isolated mansion. When three intruders break in, the protagonist, Sophie, uses an app called <em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif'>See for Me</span></em> to get help from a gamer named Kelly. (The See for Me app is a fictional version of a visual interpreting service.) The premise will probably (understandably) make many readers apprehensive, but read on to find out why our reviewers think this movie is well worth watching. Be aware, though, that it isn’t family-friendly viewing. The film is rated R and contains strong language and violence.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Danielle: Since the National Federation of the Blind began to push for screen production companies to stop casting sighted people to play blind characters, I was hopeful that they would listen and finally let blind people represent ourselves in TV and film. Then, <em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif'>In the Dark</span></em> came out, and I was not only disappointed, but it felt cringy to know that once again the world would be shown all sorts of misconceptions of what blind people are like, because the industry couldn’t be bothered to cast authentically. Fast forward a couple of years and there has been some progress. In particular, Netflix understood the assignment and cast a blind person in <em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif'>You</span></em>.* It has to be noted that the standout reason, in my opinion, that this is a big deal is that the character’s blindness has very little to do with the plot. He just happens to be blind; that’s it. So when <em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif'>See for Me</span></em> appeared on my Apple TV, I was optimistic, and it did not disappoint.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>While the plot of <em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif'>See for Me</span></em> does revolve around Sophie’s blindness, it does not seek to make her a myth, a miracle, or somehow magical. She’s actually kind of a jerk, and I really like seeing that because it breaks down the idea that blind people are happy, good, cheerful, and perfectly content all of the time. Without giving too much of the story away, I also appreciate how most everyone in the film pauses to acknowledge the blindness, but they don’t let it sway them from their original intent. The only person I have a hard time with is Sophie’s mom, because she hovers and worries way too much, but at Sophie’s age, I had problems with my own mom for the same reasons. I love the teamwork between Sophie and Kelly, because again the blindness is a factor in the equation, but it is not the sum of all parts. There are a few things that Sophie does in the movie that really feel genuine, and I think that’s because the actor is blind, so these movements and mannerisms are very natural to them. Where the lead in <em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif'>In the Dark</span></em> is often overexaggerated in her presence and feels clunky, Sophie’s performance is smooth.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The end of the movie is great because there’s a tiny twist to how we get there, and it goes to show that blind people aren’t always who society has played us up to be. There is no inspirational hook here. It’s just a really good film with a really great actor in the lead role.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Chris: There was a time when the blind community collectively worried about blind people being portrayed as jerks or villains, even as we cringed at the sugary saintliness that some blind characters displayed. But <em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif'>See for Me</span></em> strikes the right balance. It’s definitely true that Sophie is hard to like at first. Most of her problem is that she’s in the stage of adjustment to blindness that Dr. Jernigan called rebellious independence. She is reluctant to accept help from anyone. She’s also bitter about her situation, so she uses her blindness to justify theft from the people who hire her to house-sit (they would never suspect a blind girl, would they?) This sounds contradictory, but the character was believable to me for exactly that reason. Fortunately, the movie is smart enough to avoid becoming a cheap thrill ride with a sappy ending about a blind person learning that it’s okay to accept help sometimes. It’s hard to say more than that without spoiling the plot, but this is most definitely not a film in which a sighted savior rescues a helpless blind woman through the miracle of technology. Within the confines of being a fast-paced thriller, it’s a complex story about two complex characters navigating a frightening and unpredictable situation. There are things to nitpick (no Braille, little independent cane travel), but I can honestly say that <em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif'>See for Me</span></em> has one of the most authentic portrayals of a blind character that I have seen in a movie. While watching it, I never felt as if either the capacity of blind people or my intelligence were being insulted.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Overall, we think this is a solid offering from the film industry. They’ve now seen for themselves how easy it is to cast blind people. <em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif'>See for Me</span></em> is available to rent or buy on Apple TV; audio description is available. Have you watched it or do you plan to check out this film? We’d love to hear what others think.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>* Ben Mehl, a blind actor, plays a blind character named Dante in the series <em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif'>You</span></em> (season 3). Two blind actors will also make their screen debut later this year in Netflix’s adaptation of the novel <em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif'>All the Light We Cannot See.</span></em><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>---------<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>[PHOTO CAPTION: Maurice Peret]<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=what-does-it-mean-to-be-part-of-a-civil-rights-organization-today><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>What Does It Mean to Be Part of a Civil Rights Organization Today?<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Maurice Peret</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>From the Editor: Maurice is a frequent contributor to these pages. He and I love one another, and with each of his articles we wrestle about which of his views belong in our magazine and which belong in different forums. He is always good natured about my extraction of pearls of wisdom he has inserted, and though I extract them, I admire his attempt to make sense of the world and his different take on politics, economics, and the danger of corporations. With thanks for what he contributes to us, here is what he has to say about not making too much of our differences when they lead to conflict and estrangement:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>As I sit before my PC, planning learning activities for youth and employment engagement opportunities for adult job seekers and employers for our Federation, I am constantly aware that the office that I occupy in either our Jernigan Institute or the condominium from where I telework twice per week sits inside the Baltimore City limits, within the state of Maryland, inside the United States of America, and in an ever-shrinking world.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The blind of America need jobs, independence, financial and personal security, along with the hard-won rights that must be persistently defended. There are more of us than we are aware of who lack basic housing, medical care, and decent living and working conditions. In these circumstances, we are well integrated into the social and economic fabric of millions struggling to keep hearth and home together.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>That we co-exist in a class-divided society plagued by disparities of all kinds is indisputable. The point is to properly understand the nature and scope of these systemic inequities. Individuals may be forgiven for harboring certain misunderstandings based often upon a lack of experience or exposure to groups of people who are different from us. However, the same megaphones controlling the airwaves, educational institutions controlling learning platforms and materials, and profiteers governing our ability to sell our labor power, they who would point to us individually for being to blame for prejudices, are in fact the very ones who have denied and continue to deny equal access on a hierarchy of power and money. We should not allow ourselves to be taken in by the real divisions that exist among a tiny minority who monopolize the message by deflecting their prejudices onto us. Division makes news, tribalism makes news, and news sells advertising. So I am reluctant to let my world view be largely shaped by the cynicism, mistrust, and tribalism that are all too focused in the public arena.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The organized blind movement is but one clear example to me that we, in our vast majority, are the solution, not the problem. The obvious remedy to all the noise, of course, is to just simply tune out, turn off, and focus upon the immediate important work before us. On the other hand, the world happens around us and affects us in ways of varying urgency and severity. Some of us worry about putting enough of our earnings away for retirement. Others of us are concerned about where our next meal will come from or if there will be enough work to avoid being laid off in the short term.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>I find it useful to draw from proven strategies shared by the mighty mass movements in our proud history. The most fundamental is instilling a strong sense of individual empowerment, self-efficacy, and a positive self-concept. This is a common thread through the Black rights movements both in this country and abroad, the sense of connection to ancestral lands communicated through the authentic lived wisdom of elder leaders among indigenous peoples, and the close family, social, ethnic, and linguistic ties of immigrant communities. Only when we can recognize our own individual worth and human value can we even begin to see ourselves as part of a powerful collective movement of people, many just like us, capable of societal transformation.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Tremendous examples can be found in any of the publications on the website of the National Federation of the Blind <a href="https://nfb.org/publications">https://nfb.org/publications</a>. There, as our banner reads, you will find the true and authentic voice of the nation’s blind. There is no shortage of stories about overcoming adversity, but the emphasis is not so much upon external adverse factors as it is on the internal and collective response to them. They are not merely stories of victims of societal misunderstandings about blindness but about blind people themselves and others who overcame those misperceptions.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>How can our local chapters better position themselves to respond to a diversity of needs? How can our local chapters tap into the resources available in our communities in order to point blind and low vision folks with whom we come across in the right direction? How can they be more visible and accessible in the community? In other words, how do affiliate and chapter members find blind members of our communities, and how do they find us?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Our chapters and affiliates must be like magnets, attracting anyone experiencing vision loss to our dynamic movement. Members should be encouraged to function like little magnets in the community where we will inevitably meet friends and family members of blind and low vision folks who need the Federation in their lives. Even as we more clearly define what responsible membership looks like in the Federation, we should also be available to meet new candidates for membership where they are in their blindness journey, understanding that, for most of us, it took years to absorb and internalize the philosophical tenets of our organization. We should also take an interest in what new members have to share about their lives. In a sense, we should be prepared not only for them to join us but also to join them. That is essentially what won me to the Federation: the fact that a leader in my affiliate took enough interest in what I was involved in to recognize in me the value in my potential contribution to the movement.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>It seems to me that something has been lost or forgotten as we strive to extricate ourselves from the imposed isolation due to the COVID-19 crisis. As wonderfully creative and innovative as we have been in putting teleconferencing tools to our maximum use, there is simply no virtual substitute to getting together. This struggle against inertia, I believe, is also the challenge before any effective social movement worthy of the name. I, for one, am looking forward to reacquainting myself with the enumerable benefits of interacting, people-to-people and person-to-person, in the full range of activities that define our movement from conventioneering, marching, working, and playing together.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>[PHOTO CAPTION: Robin House]<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=the-2022-blind-educator-of-the-year-award><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The 2022 Blind Educator of the Year Award<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Robin House</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>From the Editor: Robin House is an experienced educator in her own right, with many titles to her name. She was named Blind Educator of the Year in 2018. She chairs the 2022 Blind Educator of the Year Award Selection Committee, and she holds a Master of Education, is a Licensed Professional Counselor, and is a Registered Play Therapist. What is harder to convey is that, for the tremendous admiration we have for her accomplishments, the thing that makes us blessed is that Robin is Robin and that she chooses to be an active part of us. This is what she says:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>A number of years ago the Blind Educator of the Year Award was established by the National Organization of Blind Educators (the educators’ division of the National Federation of the Blind) to pay tribute to a blind teacher whose exceptional classroom performance, notable community service, and uncommon commitment to the NFB merit national recognition. Beginning with the 1991 presentation, this award became an honor bestowed by our entire movement. This change reflects our recognition of the importance of good teaching and the effect an outstanding blind teacher has on students, faculty, community, and all blind Americans.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>This award is presented in the spirit of the outstanding educators who founded and have continued to nurture the National Federation of the Blind and who, by example, have imparted knowledge of our strengths to us and raised our expectations. We have learned from Dr. Jacobus tenBroek, Dr. Kenneth Jernigan, Dr. Marc Maurer, and our current President Mark Riccobono that a teacher not only provides a student with information but also provides guidance, advocacy, and love. The recipient of the Blind Educator of the Year Award must exhibit all these traits and must advance the cause of blind people in the spirit and philosophy of the National Federation of the Blind.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The Blind Educator of the Year Award is presented at the annual convention of the National Federation of the Blind. Honorees must be present to receive an appropriately inscribed plaque and a check for $1,000.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Nominations should be sent to Ms. Robin House by email to <a href="mailto:robin@mindsrealm.net">robin@mindsrealm.net</a> or by mail to Stix ECC, 647 Tower Grove Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110. Letters of nomination must be accompanied by a copy of the nominee’s current résumé and supporting documentation of community and Federation activity. All nomination materials must be in the hands of the committee chairperson by May 1, 2022, to be considered for this year’s award. For further information contact Robin House at 314-265-6852, or <a href="mailto:robin@mindsrealm.net">robin@mindsrealm.net</a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>[PHOTO CAPTION: Gary Wunder]<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=a-funny-thing-happened-to-me-today-but-is-it-really-funny><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>A Funny Thing Happened to Me Today, but Is It Really Funny?<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Gary Wunder</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>There are many different takes people have on humor. Some suggest that in our humor we should be very circumspect. Never tell a joke that might offend someone. Never tell a joke that tends to reinforce a stereotype. Never tell a joke we would not tell our grandmother. Never tell a joke if we would be uncomfortable as the object of its punchline. These seem like very common sense guidelines, though I admit that I have not always followed them religiously.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>But it actually gets much more complicated. A few folks have said to me that there is nothing funny about blindness and that people who relate humorous incidents about blindness are showing a lack of respect for themselves and other blind people. Some say that jokes are considered acceptable only if told in certain groups. A few blind people tell me that they are perfectly comfortable relating a blindness experience that generates a laugh, but they are only willing to share it with other blind people. This they refer to as “blindness moments,” ones we dare not share with the sighted public because they would likely not understand. I assume we make an exception for those sighted people who have joined our movement and are considered blind at heart. This is an opinion I understand, but I think it does a disservice to the sighted people I know who learn a little more each day about blindness or at least my perspective on it.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>At the other end of the spectrum comes my grandson and a whole host of comedians who believe that there is nothing so sacred that it is beyond a joke. The comedians he has introduced me to would contend that, if you want to be offended, go ahead, but their freedom of speech and their audience’s right to laugh takes priority. Although I am uncomfortable with this unbridled take on humor, I have to admit that a search of the internet and looking at the work of some of today’s popular comedians makes me think I may be in the minority.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>I am writing to find out how readers of the <em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif'>Braille Monitor</span></em> feel about this. Are there any funny incidents that arise from the fact that one or more people in a story are blind? If you have such stories, would you share them only with other blind people or with the wider public? If indeed there are blindness moments that should only be shared within the community, what makes them so, and can you provide me with examples? Are there humorous incidents you would find acceptable in these pages and are willing to contribute?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>As a final thought, how do we act wisely in deciding when to register objections to humor and when to leave the objectionable material alone? Morally it feels as though we have an obligation to speak out any time blindness is portrayed negatively and in a way that is inconsistent with our experiences. But given how often registering objections can add to the wider dissemination of information we do not like, it is hard to view this as a clearcut obligation to object to the objectionable. Again, I do not write this to state a firm opinion but to ask for yours. Write to me at <a href="mailto:gwunder@nfb.org">gwunder@nfb.org</a>, and be as specific as you can about the way you would have us make these difficult judgments.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>---------<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=dr.-jacob-bolotin-award-applications-accepted><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Dr. Jacob Bolotin Award Applications Accepted<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Everette Bacon</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The National Federation of the Blind is accepting nominations of individuals or organizations who are a positive force in the lives of blind people and help us transform dreams into reality. Each application must include a letter of recommendation.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Learn more and submit a nomination for the 2022 Dr. Jacob Bolotin Awards at <a href="https://nfb.org/bolotin">https://nfb.org/bolotin</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>[PHOTO CAPTION: Kane Brolin]<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=an-appeal-for-help><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>An Appeal for Help<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Kane Brolin</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>From the Editor: Kane is a longtime chapter president who lives in Indiana. He is always reaching out with the message of the Federation and trying to help those who can benefit from our message. Here is a request he is making for special expertise:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>I am writing to ask humbly for the support of my Federation brothers and sisters. I am not asking for financial help but for useful advice on behalf of another individual residing outside of the United States who nonetheless embodies the Federation spirit and who wishes earnestly to share in the transformational strength and beauty of the NFB National Convention in 2022.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Mr. Youssef Makram is a blind, thirty-year-old, unmarried, male citizen of Egypt to whom I talk on a bi-weekly basis. Striving toward a professional career, his resources and available options in Egypt are few; yet he usually Zooms into meetings of the NFB’s Michiana Chapter over which I preside, and he very much wishes to attend our 2022 National Convention in New Orleans in order to acquire knowledge, tools, and personal contacts that will help him move forward in his life. Youssef is also fully vaccinated against COVID-19 and has sent proof of his inoculation.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>From what I have observed, Youssef demonstrates an insatiable desire to learn, a boundless determination to keep pushing forward in spite of significant obstacles, and a desire to help others in need. A dedicated Federationist in his heart, he simply has heretofore not been able to interact with the Federation in a meaningful way.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>I have come to believe Youssef has a lot to recommend him. To this end, I am committed to doing everything within reason to make 2022 in New Orleans Youssef’s first-ever NFB National Convention. The trouble is that I am not well versed in the nuance of gaining a student visa or travel visa for anybody, nor am I one who is in a position to officially invite Youssef or any other foreign national into the midst of our Convention. So if you are reading this article and if you could provide the expertise or the authority to help us figure out how to accomplish this from a diplomatic or practical point of view, please phone me at (574) 386-8868 or email <a href="mailto:kbrolin65@gmail.com">kbrolin65@gmail.com</a>. Thank you.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>[PHOTO CAPTION: Carla McQuillan]<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=the-2022-distinguished-educator-of-blind-students-award><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The 2022 Distinguished Educator of Blind Students Award<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Carla McQuillan</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>From the Editor: Carla McQuillan is the president of the National Federation of the Blind of Oregon, a member of the national board of directors, and the owner and executive director of Main Street Montessori Association, operating two Montessori schools. She is the chairperson of the Distinguished Educator of Blind Students Award Committee, and she has written this announcement seeking applications for the 2022 award:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The National Federation of the Blind will recognize an outstanding teacher of blind students at our 2022 National Convention taking place in New Orleans, Louisiana, from July 5 through July 10, 2022. The winner of this award will receive the following:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>An expense-paid trip to attend the convention<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>A check for $1,000<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>A commemorative plaque<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>A place on the agenda of the annual meeting of the National Organization of Parents of Blind Children to make a presentation regarding the education of blind children, and<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The opportunity to attend seminars and workshops that address the current state of education of blind students, as well as a chance to meet and network with hundreds of blind individuals, teachers, parents, and other professionals in the field.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>The education of blind children is one of the National Federation of the Blind's highest priorities. We are committed to offering and supporting programs that enhance educational opportunities for this group. Please help us recognize dedicated and innovative teachers who provide quality education and meaningful experiences and opportunities for their blind students.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Q: Who is eligible for this award?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>A: Anyone who is currently a teacher, counselor, or the administrator of programs for blind students.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Q: Does an applicant have to be a member of the National Federation of the Blind?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>A: No, but attending the 2022 convention of the National Federation of the Blind in New Orleans is required.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Q: Can I nominate someone else for this award?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>A: Yes. Applicants can be nominated by colleagues, parents, supervisors, or friends who have first-hand knowledge of the individual’s work with blind students.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Q: How would I apply?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>A: You can fill out the application at the end of this article or find it on our website at https://nfb.org/images/nfb/documents/pdf/distinguished-educator-of-blind-students-award-form-fillable.pdf<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Q: What is the deadline to submit an application or make a nomination?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>A: All applications must be received no later than May 1, 2022.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Please complete the application and attach the required documents specified in the application. If you are submitting a nomination for someone other than yourself, please answer the questions to the best of your ability. Your experience and observations of the nominee will assist the selection committee in their decision. Questions? Contact Carla McQuillan at 541-653-9153, or by email at: <a href="mailto:president@nfb-oregon.org">president@nfb-oregon.org</a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=national-federation-of-the-blind><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>National Federation of the Blind<o:p></o:p></span></h3><h3 id=distinguished-educator-of-blind-students-award><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Distinguished Educator of Blind Students Award<o:p></o:p></span></h3><h3 id=application><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>2022 Application<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Deadline: May 1, 2022<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Name: _______________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Home Address: _________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>City, State, Zip: _________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Phone: (H) ____________________ (W) ____________________________<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Email: ______________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>School/Program: ______________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Address: _____________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>City, State, Zip: _________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Please list any awards or commendations you have received.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>How long and in what programs have you worked with blind children?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>In what setting do you currently work?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Briefly describe your current job and teaching responsibilities.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>How would you describe your philosophy of blindness as it relates to the education of blind students?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>What are your thoughts on teaching Braille and cane travel? When and at what age would you begin? How do you determine whether to teach print or Braille?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>What was your most memorable experience working with blind students?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Why should you be selected to receive this award?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Email is strongly encouraged for transmitting nominations; letters of support and other relevant materials should be included as attachments. Applications sent by mail and postmarked by the deadline will also be accepted. Send all material by May 1, 2022, to Carla McQuillan, chairperson, Teacher Award Committee, <a href="mailto:president@nfb-oregon.org">president@nfb-oregon.org</a> or by mail to:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>522 65th Street, Springfield, OR 97478, Phone: 541-653-9153.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=recipes><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Recipes<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Recipes this month were contributed by members of the National Federation of the Blind of Utah.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=bite-size-shepherds-pie><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Bite-Size Shepherd's Pie<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Dannielle Frampton, 1st VP, Salt Lake Chapter</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Dannielle is the Residence Manager/Instructor for Utah’s Services for the Blind. She, her husband Cameron, and daughter Kada live in Salt Lake City.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Ingredients:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>6 medium-sized potatoes or sweet potatoes, peal and dice<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>3 sticks of celery, finely minced<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1 small zucchini, finely minced<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>3 cloves garlic, finely minced<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1/2 pound lean or extra lean ground beef<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1/2 cup shredded cheese<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>2 tablespoon butter<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1/4 cup milk or cream<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Method:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Preheat oven to 375 degrees Fahrenheit. Peel and dice potatoes, and place in a pot of boiling water to soften. Finely mince celery, zucchini, and garlic. In a frying pan, start browning ground beef. Add minced celery, zucchini, and garlic to the pan and cook until vegetables are softened and beef is cooked through. Season to taste. Drain water from potatoes, add butter and cream, and mash thoroughly. Season to taste. In a six-cup non-stick muffin tin, oil before adding a small layer of cheese, then add a layer of mashed potatoes on the bottom of each cup. Spoon in meat and vegetable mixture, and top each one off with another layer of mashed potatoes. Sprinkle shredded cheese onto each mini-pie and bake uncovered for eight minutes. Remove from oven and let stand for two to three minutes. Carefully scoop out each mini-pie with a rubber spatula or put cookie sheet on top like a lid, and flip over for them to hopefully slide out on their own, and enjoy. Recipe makes six.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=funeral-potatoes-aka-cheesy-potato-casserole><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Funeral Potatoes AKA Cheesy Potato Casserole<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Barbie Elliott, Secretary, NFB of Utah</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Barbie is the Home Management Instructor at Utah’s Services for the Blind. She is also a proud mother and grandma. This recipe is a favorite amongst members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Why Are They Called Funeral Potatoes?</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>What's in a Name: As the name suggests, in Utah this cheesy potato comfort food is traditionally served at a meal for the grieving family following a funeral by neighbors and friends. Most commonly known as Funeral Potatoes in the western United States they are also known as a Cheesy Potato Casserole. Why Funerals: Besides cheese and potatoes being an ultimate comfort food and just delicious, they are easy to transport, easy to make, and easy to keep warm. Perfect for a potluck and a time of need.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Ingredients:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>3/4 cup butter (divided)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1 small onion finely chopped (optional)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1 to 2 cloves garlic minced (optional)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1 28 oz. bag hash browns-frozen, shredded, or cubed hash brown potatoes, (I prefer the Ore-Ida Potatoes O’Brien with Onions and Peppers precut), or you can make your own<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1 10.5 oz. can condensed cream of chicken soup (creates creamy goodness and flavor)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>2 cups sour cream or plain Greek yogurt, for more creaminess and a bit of tang<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1/2 cup parmesan cheese (optional) to add a nice punch to the cheese.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1/2 teaspoon salt<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1/2 teaspoon pepper<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>2 cups sharp cheddar cheese, shredded and firmly packed, and don't skimp on the good stuff.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>2 cups crushed corn flake cereal, panko bread crumbs, Ritz crackers, or French's fried onions—any of these will work<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Method:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Sauté: (If you choose not to add garlic and onions, skip this step.) In a medium skillet melt two tablespoons of butter. Add the onions and cook until translucent. Add the garlic and sauté, just until fragrant.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Mix: In a very large bowl combine the onions, garlic, soup, sour cream, 1/2 cup butter, parmesan cheese, salt and pepper and 1 1/2 cups cheddar cheese. Stir until well blended. Add the hash browns and stir until well coated.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Pan: Spread into a 9 x 13 pan and top with the remaining 1/2 cup of cheddar cheese. Crush: Put the cereal, crackers, or fried onions into a plastic bag and crush with a rolling pin or your hands or a glass to make crumbs. Melt: Melt the remaining 1/4 cup of butter and mix with the crumbs. Sprinkle on top of the potatoes.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Bake: Cover the pan loosely with foil and bake for 50-60 min. at 350 degrees until bubbly and cooked throughout.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Tips for the Best Funeral Potatoes:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1. Make Ahead: These are one of those wonderful dishes you can make ahead. Make as directed but do not put the crumb topping on. Refrigerate till ready to bake. Remove from the fridge and let come to room temperature, if you have time. Mix up the topping, put on top, and cook as directed.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>2. Potatoes: Shredded potatoes as well as country style hash browns (cubed potatoes) will work in this recipe. I like the O'Brien potatoes best, since if using them you do not need to add onions because they have chopped peppers and onions in the frozen potato bag.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>3. Bake Your Own Potatoes: Make your own hash browns by parboiling twelve small potatoes and grating them once cooled.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>4. To Top or Not to Top: You can leave the topping off if you prefer. The crunchy topping does go slightly soggy if you have leftovers. So if you know you will have leftovers you might want to leave it off. Either way it's still amazing!<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>5. Leftovers: Store leftovers covered in the fridge for up to four days. They are almost even better the next day!<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>6. Make it a Meal: Add in diced ham, chicken, or bacon and turn this side dish into the main dish!<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>7. Spice it up: I sometimes add red pepper flakes or green chilies or Cajun spice.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=sweet-n-sour-meat-loaf><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Sweet “n” Sour Meat Loaf<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Cynthia Young</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Cynthia Young is the treasurer of our Red Rocks Chapter located in St. George, Utah. This is her favorite dish!</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Sauce Mixture:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1 8-oz. can tomato sauce<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1/4 cup vinegar<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1/4 cup brown sugar<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1 teaspoon prepared mustard<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Meat Loaf Mixture:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1 egg, slightly beaten with fork<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>2 pounds hamburger<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1/4 cup minced onions<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1 1/2 tsp. salt<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1/4 cup quick oats or crushed<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1/4 tsp. black pepper<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Crackers<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1/2 cup tomato sauce mixture<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Method:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Shape meat into oval loaf. Place in shallow baking dish. Pour rest of tomato sauce mixture on top. Bake at 400 degrees for 45 minutes. Serves eight.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=mexican-hot-dish><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Mexican Hot Dish<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Lisa Rowberry</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Lisa Rowberry is the treasurer of the Utah Valley Chapter and is an accountant with the State of Utah. Here is a favorite recipe passed to her by her grandmother.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Ingredients:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1 pound ground beef<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1 chopped onion<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1 teaspoon salt<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1 teaspoon black pepper<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1/2 cup milk<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1 can cream of mushroom soup<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1 can Rotel tomatoes w/green chilies<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1 bag of Doritos (Nacho cheese)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>1/2 pound grated cheese (I prefer mild cheddar)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Method</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>: Brown ground beef and onion with salt and pepper. Mix together Rotel, cream of mushroom soup, and milk. Pour mixture into meat. Bring to a boil and then simmer on low for three to five minutes. Place a layer of crushed Doritos in bottom of 13 x 9 inch baking dish. Place a layer of meat-soup mixture over Doritos. Sprinkle with grated cheese. Repeat layers. Bake at 350 degrees until cheese melts (about twenty minutes).<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Recipe makes six.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id=ceviche><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Ceviche<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>by Ulivia Guadarrama</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Ulvia Guadarrama is the founder of the NFB of Utah Spanish-Speaking Division. She is also a low vision specialist at Utah’s Services for the Blind.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Ceviche is a South American dish. It can be served as an appetizer and as a side dish with tostadas or corn chips. Ceviche varies in flavor depending on the ingredients and taste. Ceviche is best when using fresh ingredients.</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Ingredients:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Tomatoes<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Onion (of choice, I used a purple/red onion)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Cilantro<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Cucumber<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Hot peppers<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Imitation crab<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Avocado<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Tostadas/chips<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Lemon<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Salt<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Method:</span></strong><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Start by chopping a small onion into small cubes; once it’s cut place it in a dish and pour some lime juice to allow it to absorb the flavor until everything is all cut and ready to mix. Chop up in cubes: one jalapeño, one cucumber, two tomatoes (Roma tomatoes work great), and some cilantro. Shred the full packet of flaked imitation crab. Place the tomatoes, cucumbers, jalapeño, cilantro, onion with the lime juice, and the shredded crab, all in a mixing bowl. Add to taste: salt, black pepper, and the juice of three limes. Serve on a tostada or chips and top it with some avocado and Valentina hot sauce. Yummy, enjoy!<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=monitor-miniatures><em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Monitor</span></em><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'> Miniatures <o:p></o:p></span></h2><h3 id=news-from-the-federation-family><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>News from the Federation Family<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Rideshare Denials Due to Service Animals:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>NFB and NAGDU are gathering video interviews about Uber and Lyft denials from travelers with service animals. We hope to capture stories that describe the significant barriers and stress travelers experience with each denial and to use these videos in our advocacy efforts. If you were denied a ride by Lyft or Uber because of your service animal anytime between October 1, 2021, and present and would like to participate in a recorded Zoom interview, please contact the NAGDU board at 346-439-7444 or <u>board@nagdu.org</u>.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Please Share Content with our Communications Team:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Our affiliates sponsor great content, and our outreach and communications teams can repurpose and magnify it. We are asking that you record content like presentations, podcasts, panels, and the like and send the link to your recorded content with a quick explanation of what the content consists of, to <u>comunicationsteam@nfb.org</u>. Please record anything you are doing as it is too easy to miss good content. We don’t know how powerful a presentation or panel will be until it is done. Let’s capture our amazing stories told across the country.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>2022-2023 Teachers of Tomorrow Program:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>Individuals in the United States who are currently studying to be teachers of blind students or career teachers who are currently employed teaching blind/low-vision students in PK-12 settings are encouraged to apply for the next cohort of NFB Teachers of Tomorrow. This is an immersive, professional development program that connects teachers of blind and low-vision students to the lived experiences of blind people. This program will begin in the fall of 2022 and continue throughout the 2022-2023 school year, culminating in a gathering at our 2023 National Convention. For more information and to apply, visit <a href="https://nfb.org/programs-services/education/teachers-tomorrow">https://nfb.org/programs-services/education/teachers-tomorrow</a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>----------<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id=nfb-pledge><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>NFB Pledge<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p><span style='font-size:15.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#1A1A1A'>I pledge to participate actively in the efforts of the National Federation of the Blind to achieve equality, opportunity, and security for the blind; to support the policies and programs of the Federation; and to abide by its constitution.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></body></html>