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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple style='word-wrap:break-word'><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b>From:</b> tech-vi@groups.io <tech-vi@groups.io> <b>On Behalf Of </b>David Goldfield<br><b>Sent:</b> Friday, October 21, 2022 7:11 PM<br><b>To:</b> List <tech-vi@groups.io><br><b>Subject:</b> [tech-vi Announce List] How To Perform Common Tasks in Windows Command Prompt<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p>Tomshardware - Friday, October 21, 2022 at 5:16 PM<o:p></o:p></p><h1>How To Perform Common Tasks in Windows Command Prompt<o:p></o:p></h1><p>Windows is much more than a graphical user interface. For those of us old enough to remember, we started our PC journey with MS-DOS and then Microsoft Windows. The command prompt was where we worked and we had to learn a few tricks to get the job done. Fast forward to today and we have complex graphical user interfaces that work extremely well, but sometimes the command prompt is just quicker.<o:p></o:p></p><p>In this how to, we have collected a number of common GUI tasks, and shown how the command prompt can be used to get the same job done. These commands will work with Windows 7,8,10 and 11.<o:p></o:p></p><h2 id=accessing-the-command-prompt>Accessing the Command Prompt<o:p></o:p></h2><p>1. <strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Click on Start and search for cmd, click on Run as Administrator. </span></strong>With administrator powers you can do some damage, so double check what you are typing before you press the Enter key.<o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img id="_x0000_i1069" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><h2>Clearing the Command Prompt<o:p></o:p></h2><p>The command prompt can sometimes become cluttered, but we can soon fix that by clearing the screen with the cls command. Type the command and press Enter to gain valuable space in your command prompt.<o:p></o:p></p><pre><code>cls</code><o:p></o:p></pre><h2 id=get-your-network-connection-details>Get Your Network Connection Details<o:p></o:p></h2><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img id="_x0000_i1068" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><p>We can easily get our network connection details via the Network and Internet section of Settings, but what if you need them in the command prompt? The ipconfig command provides us with our IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS details and other basic networking information.<o:p></o:p></p><p>1. <strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>In the command prompt, type <i>ipconfig </i>and press Enter</span></strong>. This produces a basic overview of the network connections currently in use.<o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img id="_x0000_i1067" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><p>2. <strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>In the same prompt type<i> ipconfig /all</i> and press Enter.</span></strong> Using ipconfig with the /all switch shows a detailed breakdown of all the active network interfaces. These include our Bluetooth adapter and a virtual Ethernet adapter for our Virtualbox VMs.<o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img id="_x0000_i1066" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><h2>Filtering Output With Findstr<o:p></o:p></h2><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img id="_x0000_i1065" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><p>Commands can generate a lot of output. So how can we filter out the noise and target the data that we need? Using the findstr command we can pass strings to search for in the output of a command.<o:p></o:p></p><p>Here is an example using the ipconfig /all command, piping the output via “|” to become the input of findstr, where we specify the search string in quotes. In this example we are searching for the Host Name of our machine.<o:p></o:p></p><pre><code>ipconfig /all | findstr “Host Name”</code><o:p></o:p></pre><p>The findstr command can be used with many different commands, and using extra pipes we can direct the output to other tools / applications.<o:p></o:p></p><h2 id=checking-your-connection>Checking Your Connection<o:p></o:p></h2><p>Part of testing a network is checking that we can connect to another machine and with ping we can check our internal and external connections.<o:p></o:p></p><p>To check an internal connection, we will need to know the IP address of a device on the network. For that you will need to <a href="https://www.tomshardware.com/how-to/scan-for-network-devices">scan for devices on your network.</a> Once we have the IP address we can use ping to check the connection.<o:p></o:p></p><pre><code>ping 192.168.0.8</code><o:p></o:p></pre><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1064" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><p>To check an external connection, we can use ping with an external IP address. Our go to IP address is one of Google’s DNS servers.<o:p></o:p></p><pre><code>ping 8.8.8.8</code><o:p></o:p></pre><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1063" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><h2>IP Address Release and Renewal<o:p></o:p></h2><p>Sometimes we need to release or renew the IP address of an adapter and this can be easily done via the prompt.<o:p></o:p></p><p>1.<strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> Use ipconfig /release to release all active connections. </span></strong>This will release all connections, Ethernet, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth.<o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1062" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><p>2. <strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Use ipconfig /release *Eth* to close all connections matching the “Eth”. </span></strong>This will close all Ethernet connections, but keep others open.<o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1061" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><p>3. <strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Use ipconfig /renew to renew all IPv4 connections.</span></strong> This will force all of the adapters using IPv4 to renew their IP addresses.<o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1060" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><p>4. <strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Use ipconfig /renew6 to renew all ipv6 connections.</span></strong><o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1059" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><h2>Managing Tasks from the Command Prompt<o:p></o:p></h2><p>The Windows Task Manager is the place to manage running tasks on your system, but we can also manage tasks directly from the command prompt with tasklist and taskkill.<o:p></o:p></p><p>1. <strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>List all of the running tasks by entering the command and pressing Enter. </span></strong>This will produce a list of applications, memory usage and a Process ID (PID).<o:p></o:p></p><pre><code>tasklist</code><o:p></o:p></pre><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1058" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><p>2. <strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Use findstr to filter the tasks.</span></strong> In our example we are looking for “Inkscape”.<o:p></o:p></p><pre><code>tasklist | findstr “inkscape”</code><o:p></o:p></pre><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1057" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><p>3. Use taskkill to kill the session using its PID. In our example Inkscape’s PID is 1544.<o:p></o:p></p><pre><code>taskkill /PID 1544</code><o:p></o:p></pre><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1056" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><h2>File Associations<o:p></o:p></h2><p>We take it for granted that when we click on a file, it opens in the correct application. While we can edit the default application for a file type via the GUI, we can also do this via the command prompt. The assoc command is how we list and add a file association.<o:p></o:p></p><p>1. <strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>List the current files and their associated applications using assoc, press Enter to run.</span></strong><o:p></o:p></p><pre><code>assoc</code><o:p></o:p></pre><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1055" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><p>2. <strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Search for specific file associations using findstr and a string to search for.</span></strong> In our example let's search for the application associated with CSV files.<o:p></o:p></p><pre><code>assoc | findstr csv</code><o:p></o:p></pre><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1054" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><p>3. <strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Associate CSV files to a text file, opened by Notepad. </span></strong>This is safer than opening the file directly in Microsoft Excel, where we can check the file before importing into Excel.<o:p></o:p></p><pre><code>assoc .csv=txtfile</code><o:p></o:p></pre><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1053" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><p>4. <strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Repeat the search using assoc.</span></strong> You will now see that .csv files are linked to text files.<o:p></o:p></p><pre><code>assoc | findstr csv</code><o:p></o:p></pre><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1052" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><h2>Saving to the Clipboard<o:p></o:p></h2><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1051" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><p>Saving the output of a command to the clipboard can be a laborious task. Highlight the text, right click, copy and then paste into the document. But what if we could save the output on the fly? Using clip we can pipe the output of a command to the clipboard, from where we can paste it into a document.<o:p></o:p></p><p>1. <strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Run the assoc command and pipe the output to the clipboard. </span></strong>The output of the command is redirected to the clipboard.<o:p></o:p></p><pre><code>assoc | clip</code><o:p></o:p></pre><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1050" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><p>2. <strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Open a text editor and paste the contents of the clipboard.</span></strong><o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1049" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><h2>Detailed System Information<o:p></o:p></h2><div><div><p class=vanilla-image-block><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1048" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/tomshardware/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="How to Use Windows Command Prompt"><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=credit>(Image credit: Tom's Hardware)</span> <o:p></o:p></p><p> If you need to know everything about your system then the systeminfo command is for you. This command will output information such as<o:p></o:p></p><ul type=disc><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'>Memory<o:p></o:p></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'>CPU<o:p></o:p></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'>Hotfixes<o:p></o:p></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'>Network<o:p></o:p></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'>BIOS<o:p></o:p></li></ul><p>Run the command from the command prompt. The output can be piped to clip for easy reading in a text editor.<o:p></o:p></p><pre><code>systeminfo</code><o:p></o:p></pre><h2 id=automatically-reboot-into-the-bios>Automatically Reboot into the BIOS<o:p></o:p></h2><p>If you want to make changes – switching your boot order, for example – using your computer’s UEFI setup program, then you either need to know the right key to hit to <a href="https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/bios-keys-to-access-your-firmware,5732.html">enter your BIOS</a>. Or you can use this command to do it all for you.<o:p></o:p></p><pre><code>shutdown /r /fw /f /t 0</code><o:p></o:p></pre><p>The basic shutdown command can take a number of switches.<o:p></o:p></p><p><strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>/r to reboot</span></strong><o:p></o:p></p><p><strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>/fw to boot the BIOS</span></strong><o:p></o:p></p><p><strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>/f to force applications to close</span></strong><o:p></o:p></p><p><strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>/t 0 to reboot now, with 0 referring to zero seconds.</span></strong><o:p></o:p></p><p><a href="https://www.tomshardware.com/how-to/use-windows-command-prompt">https://www.tomshardware.com/how-to/use-windows-command-prompt</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal> David Goldfield <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>Assistive Technology Specialist<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Feel free to visit my Web site<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><a href="http://WWW.DavidGoldfield.info">WWW.DavidGoldfield.info</a><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:white'>_._,_._,_<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><hr size=2 width="100%" align=center></div><p class=MsoNormal>Groups.io Links:<o:p></o:p></p><p>You receive all messages sent to this group. <o:p></o:p></p><p><a href="https://groups.io/g/tech-vi/message/2828" target="_blank">View/Reply Online (#2828)</a> | <a href="mailto:tech-vi@groups.io?subject=Re:%20%5Btech-vi%20Announce%20List%5D%20How%20To%20Perform%20Common%20Tasks%20in%20Windows%20Command%20Prompt" target="_blank">Reply To Group</a> | <a href="mailto:david.goldfield@outlook.com?subject=Private:%20Re:%20%5Btech-vi%20Announce%20List%5D%20How%20To%20Perform%20Common%20Tasks%20in%20Windows%20Command%20Prompt" target="_blank">Reply To Sender</a> | <a href="https://groups.io/mt/94487227/318502" target="_blank">Mute This Topic</a> | <a href="https://groups.io/g/tech-vi/post">New Topic</a><br><a href="https://groups.io/g/tech-vi/editsub/318502">Your Subscription</a> | <a href="mailto:tech-vi+owner@groups.io">Contact Group Owner</a> | <a href="https://groups.io/g/tech-vi/leave/11013341/318502/1820159643/xyzzy">Unsubscribe</a> [floza58@bellsouth.net]<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:white'>_._,_._,_<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></body></html>