[nfbmi-talk] it's not just the web site

[joe harcz Comcast]

Colleagues,

Attached is simple guidance from the DOJ concerning  state and local government requirements  for web site and document access.

Again the issue on many, many Michigan pages is not the accessibility of the web site per se but the documents therein.

I've gone through many where the document was not only a pdf document but an image based scanned document that was totally inaccessible at that.

Moreover, the effective communications requirements of the ADA are supposed to ensure that documents made readily available and for free to the public are also to be made available for free and in a timely manner to we who are blind.

Yet, when I try to request these documents in accessible format I either don't have a direct link or even a phone number to request it or am thrown in an infinite loop of bureaucratic and discriminatory lunacy like when I ask for accessible documents used at public meetings from Cannon and then get referred to the likes of Farmer.

These all are past and ongoing substantive violations of the ADA. 

Joe

Attachment:
Accessibility of State and Local Government Websites to People with Disabilities

 

U.S. Department of Justice

Civil Rights Division

Disability Rights Section

 

Department of Justice Seal

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Accessibility of State and Local Government Websites

to People with Disabilities

 

The Internet is dramatically changing the way that American government serves the public. Taking advantage of new technology, many State and local governments

are using the web to offer citizens a host of services including:

List of 5 items

• corresponding online with local officials;

 

• providing information about government services;

 

• renewing library books or driver’s licenses;

 

• providing tax information and accepting tax returns; and

 

• applying for jobs or benefits.

 

list end

 

These government websites are important because they:

List of 5 items

• allow programs and services to be offered in a more dynamic, interactive way, increasing citizen participation;

 

• increase convenience and speed in obtaining information or services;

 

• reduce costs in providing programs and information about government services;

 

• reduce the amount of paperwork; and

 

• expand the possibilities of reaching new sectors of the community or offering new programs.

 

list end

 

home page of local government website

Local government websites provide important information and services to citizens

 

When government is constantly being asked to do more with less, the Internet is playing a vital role in allowing government to better serve all of its citizens.

 

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and, if the government entities receive Federal funding, the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, generally require that

State and local governments provide qualified individuals with disabilities equal access to their programs, services, or activities unless doing so would

fundamentally alter the nature of their programs, services, or activities or would impose an undue burden. One way to help meet these requirements is to

ensure that government websites have accessible features for people with disabilities, using the simple steps described in this document. An agency with

an inaccessible website may also meet its legal obligations by providing an alternative accessible way for citizens to use the programs or services, such

as a staffed telephone information line. These alternatives, however, are unlikely to provide an equal degree of access in terms of hours of operation

and the range of options and programs available. For example, job announcements and application forms, if posted on an accessible website, would be available

to people with disabilities 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

 

Online Barriers Faced By People with Disabilities

 

Many people with disabilities use “assistive technology” to enable them to use computers and access the Internet. Blind people who cannot see computer monitors

may use screen readers – devices that speak the text that would normally appear on a monitor. People who have difficulty using a computer mouse can use

voice recognition software to control their computers with verbal commands. People with other types of disabilities may use still other kinds of assistive

technology. New and innovative assistive technologies are being introduced every day.

 

Poorly designed websites can create unnecessary barriers for people with disabilities, just as poorly designed buildings prevent some from entering. Designers

may not realize how simple features built into a web page will assist someone who, for instance, cannot see a computer monitor or use a mouse.

 

One example of a barrier would be a photograph of a Mayor on a town website with no text identifying it. Because screen readers cannot interpret images

unless there is text associated with it, a blind person would have no way of knowing whether the image is an unidentified photo or logo, artwork, a link

to another page, or something else. Simply adding a line of simple hidden computer code to label the photograph “Photograph of Mayor Jane Smith” will allow

the blind user to make sense of the image.

 

Accessible Design Benefits Everyone

 

When accessible features are built into web pages, websites are more convenient and more available to everyone – including users with disabilities. Web

designers can follow techniques developed by private and government organizations to make even complex web pages usable by everyone including people with

disabilities. For most websites, implementing accessibility features is not difficult and will seldom change the layout or appearance of web pages. These

techniques also make web pages more usable both by people using older computers and by people using the latest technologies (such as personal digital assistants,

handheld computers, or web-enabled cellular phones).

 

With the rapid changes in the Internet and in assistive technologies used by people with disabilities to access computers, private and government organizations

have worked to establish flexible guidelines for accessible web pages that permit innovation to continue.

 

Resources for Web Developers

 

To make web pages accessible, the web developer needs to know about web page features that can make a web page less accessible or more accessible. Information

about such features is easily available and many software developers are adding tools to web development software to make it easier to make web pages accessible.

 

Two important resources provide guidance for web developers designing accessible web pages. One is the Section 508 Standards, which Federal agencies must

follow for their own new web pages. To learn more about the Section 508 Standards:

List of 3 items

• The Access Board maintains information on its website at

www.access-board.gov

and has a useful guide for web developers at

www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm

;

 

• The Department of Justice has information about accessible web page design in an April 2000 report to the President. This report is available at

www.usdoj.gov/crt/508/report/content.htm,

and

 

• The General Services Administration hosts an online course for web developers interested in accessible web design. This program was developed in conjunction

with the Access Board, the Department of Justice, and the Department of Education and provides an interactive demonstration of how to build accessible

web pages. This course is available at

www.section508.gov,

which also provides information about the Federal government’s initiative to make its electronic and information technology accessible to people with disabilities.

list end

 

A more comprehensive resource is the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines developed by the Web Accessibility Initiative. These guidelines help designers

make web pages as accessible as possible to the widest range of users, including users with disabilities. The Web Accessibility Initiative is a subgroup

of the World Wide Web Consortium — the same organization that standardizes the programming language followed by all web developers.

List of 2 items

• Information for web developers interested in making their web pages as accessible as possible, including the current version of the Web Content Accessibility

Guidelines (and associated checklists), can be found at

www.w3c.org/WAI/Resources,

and

 

• Information about the Web Accessibility Initiative can be found at

www.w3c.org/WAI.

list end

 

Voluntary Action Plan for Accessible Websites

List of 10 items

• Establish a policy that your web pages will be accessible and create a process for implementation.

 

• Ensure that all new and modified web pages and content are accessible:

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• Check the HTML

1

of all new web pages. Make sure that accessible elements are used, including alt tags, long descriptions, and captions, as needed.

 

• If images are used, including photos, graphics, scanned images, or image maps, make sure to include alt tags and/or long descriptions for each.

 

• If you use online forms and tables, make those elements accessible.

 

• When posting documents on the website, always provide them in HTML or a text-based format (even if you are also providing them in another format, such

as Portable Document Format (PDF)).

• Develop a plan for making your existing web content more accessible. Describe your plan on an accessible web page. Encourage input on improvements,

including which pages should be given high priority for change. Let citizens know about the standards or guidelines that are being used. Consider making

the more popular web pages a priority.

 

• Ensure that in-house staff and contractors responsible for web page and content development are properly trained.

 

• Provide a way for visitors to request accessible information or services by posting a telephone number or E-mail address on your home page. Establish

procedures to assure a quick response to users with disabilities who are trying to obtain

information or services in this way.

 

• Periodically enlist disability groups to test your pages for ease of use; use this

information to increase accessibility.

list end

 

1 Web pages are written using a language called HTML (or “hypertext markup language”). HTML is a “markup language” that tells

a computer program (called a “browser”) how information will appear or will be arranged on a computer screen. HTML

tags are specific instructions understood by a web browser or screen reader.

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Examples of Accessible Features for Websites

demonstration image of City of Forall website with notes for accessible features

arrow points to Contact Us link - go to note

arrow points to data table with headers  - go to note

arrow points to text links - go to note

arrow points to photo image - go to note

arrow points to image map link - go to note

arrow points to flag image - go to note

arrow points to Skip Navigation link - go to note

 

Notes:

 

1. When navigation links are used, people who use a screen reader must listen to all the links before proceeding. A skip navigation link provides a way

to bypass the row of navigation links by jumping to the start of the web page content.

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2. All images and graphics need to have an alt tag or long description.

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3. Use alt tags for image maps and for graphics associated with the image map so that a person using a screen reader will have access to the links and information.

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4. Some photos and images contain content that cannot be described with the limited text of an alt tag. Using a long description tag provides a way to have

as much text as necessary to explain the image so it is accessible to a person using a screen reader but not visible on the web page.

(back)

 

5. Text links do not require any additional information or description if the text clearly indicates what the link is supposed to do. Links such as “click

here” may confuse a user.

(back)

 

6. When tables with header and row identifiers are used to display information or data, the header and row information should be associated with each data

cell by using HTML so a person using a screen reader can understand the information.

(back)

 

7. A link with contact information provides a way for users to request accessible services or to make suggestions.

(back)

 

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For More Information

 

Technical Information Regarding Web Accessibility

 

For technical assistance regarding Section 508 Standards and how to make web pages accessible to people with disabilities, please contact the Access Board:

 

800-872-2253 (voice)

 

800-993-2822 (TTY)

 

Information about the ADA

 

The Department of Justice provides technical assistance to help State and local governments understand and comply with the ADA. An important source of ADA

information is the Department’s ADA Home Page on the World Wide Web. This extensive website provides access to ADA regulations; all Department ADA technical

assistance materials, including newly-released publications; proposed changes in the ADA regulations; and access to Freedom of Information Act materials,

including technical assistance letters. The website also provides links to other Federal agencies with ADA responsibilities.

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ADA Home Page -- www.ada.gov

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In addition, the Department of Justice operates a toll-free ADA Information Line that provides access to ADA specialists during business hours.

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ADA Information Line

 

800-514-0301 (voice)

 

800-514-0383 (TTY)

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Reproduction

 

Reproduction of this document is encouraged.

 

June 2003

 

The Attorney General has determined that publication of this periodical is necessary in the transaction of the public business required by law of the Department

of Justice.

 

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PDF Screen Version of this Document

PDF Print Version of this Document

ADA Home Page

 

last update: June 19, 2003